Table 1.
Estimates of the Causal Relationship between BMI and Cardiometabolic Traits and Events
| Studies (Individuals) | Regression Coefficienta(95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Traits | ||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 6 (20,677) | 0.18 (0.12–0.24) |
| Fasting insulin (% difference)b | 3 (12,758) | 8.47 (5.94–11.06) |
| Inflammation Traits | ||
| CRP (% difference)b | 7 (24,319) | 12.00 (7.95–16.19) |
| IL-6 (% difference)b | 5 (9,885) | 7.00 (4.01–10.08) |
| Fibrinogen (% difference)b | 6 (19,041) | 0.92 (0.25–1.59) |
| Blood-Pressure Traits | ||
| SBP (mmHg) | 6 (30,136) | 0.70 (0.24–1.16) |
| DBP (mmHg) | 6 (30,137) | 0.28 (0.03–0.52) |
| Lipid Traits | ||
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | 6 (24,943) | −0.02 (−0.03 to −0.01) |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | 6 (23,364) | −0.04 (−0.07 to −0.01) |
| TGs (% difference)b | 6 (24,761) | 0.82 (−0.61–2.27) |
| Surrogate Marker of CHD | ||
| cIMT (% difference)b | 3 (6,260) | 1.12 (−0.42–2.68) |
| Events | Studies (Cases/ Individuals) | ORa(95% CI) |
| T2D | 7 (4,407/31,844) | 1.27 (1.18–1.36) |
| CHD | 7 (6,073/26,193) | 1.01 (0.94–1.08) |
| Stroke | 6 (3,813/23,782) | 1.03 (0.95–1.12) |
These estimates were derived from instrumental variable analysis using the GS (consisting of 14 SNPs). Abbreviations are as follows: CHD, coronary heart disease; CI, confidence interval; cIMT, carotid intima medial thickness; CRP, C-reactive protein; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; IL-6, interleukin-6; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; OR, odds ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure; T2D, type 2 diabetes, and TG, triglyceride.
a
Estimates are per 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI.
b
Percent difference in geometric mean.