Table 1.
Summary of physiological functions reported for Rho GTPases in platelets from selected mouse model and inhibitor studies.
| Rho GTPase | Function | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| RhoA | Platelet production | [28] |
| Platelet shape change (U46619 stimulation) | [27, 28] | |
| Platelet aggregation (U46619 or PAR-4 stimulation) | [28] | |
| Platelet integrin αIIbβ3 activation (U46619+ADP or thrombin stimulation) | [28] | |
| Platelet granule secretion (U46619+ADP or thrombin stimulation) | [28] | |
| Regulates platelet rolling velocity on vWF | [28] | |
| Maintains strength of αIIbβ3 – vWF contacts under shear | [29] | |
| Clot retraction | [28] | |
| Thrombus formation in vivo | [28] | |
| Hemostasis in vivo | [28] | |
| Pathology of cerebral ischemia in vivo | [28] | |
| Cdc42 | Platelet production | [34, 35] |
| Regulates platelet life span | [35] | |
| Platelet filopodia formation (on vWF surface) | [35] | |
| Platelet spreading (on collagen or fibrinogen) | [34] | |
| Platelet granule secretion | [34] | |
| Platelet ATP secretion | [34] | |
| Regulates secretion output | [35] | |
| Platelet aggregation (collagen or thrombin stimulation) | [34] | |
| Controls platelet aggregate size on collagen | [35] | |
| Hemostasis in vivo | [34] | |
| Regulates rate of thrombus formation | [35] | |
| Rac1 | Platelet aggregation (collagen or collagen peptide stimulation) | [30, 32, 71, 84] |
| Platelet aggregation (thrombin stimulation) | [30, 116] | |
| Platelet aggregation (ADP or U46619 stimulation) | [30] | |
| Platelet aggregation (vWF stimulation) | [86] | |
| Platelet spreading on FG, collagen or laminin | [32] | |
| Platelet αIIbβ3 activation (collagen stimulation) | [84] | |
| Platelet αIIbβ3 activation (vWF stimulation) | [86] | |
| Platelet ATP secretion (thrombin stimulation) | [30] | |
| Platelet granule secretion (collagen peptide, convulxin or ristocetin stimulation) | [84] | |
| Platelet granule secretion (thrombin stimulation) | [30, 116] | |
| Calcium mobilization (collagen peptide stimulation) | [84] | |
| PLCγ2 activation (convulxin stimulation) | [84] | |
| Thromboxane synthesis (vWF stimulation) | [86] | |
| Aggregation on collagen surface under flow | [32, 84] | |
| Aggregation on vWF surface under flow | [32, 86] | |
| Clot Retraction | [31] | |
| Thrombus formation in vivo | [32, 84] | |
| Hemostasis in vivo | [30] |