Table 2.
Biomaterials-based vaccine technologies in commercial development
| Company | Materials/Technology platform |
Disease indications | Development phase |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vedantra Pharmaceuticals | Crosslink-stabilized lipid nanocapsules | Malaria, HPV | Preclinical |
| CSL Limited | ISCOMATRIX saponin derivative/cholesterol/lipid nanoparticles | HPV, HCV, influenza | Phase 1 |
| Isconova | ISCOM-based Matrix platform, saponin derivative/ cholesterol/lipid nanoparticles | Influenza, malaria, rabies, HSV-2 | Phase 1 |
| Liquidia Technologies | PRINT process for monodisperse particles | Influenza, pneumonia | Phase 1 (influenza, elderly) |
| NanoBio Corporation | Nanoemulsion of bacterial spores | Influenza, trivalent influenza RSV, hepatitis B virus, anthrax, Smallpox | Phase 1 (influenza) |
| NanoTherapeutics, Inc. | GelVac self-gelling polymer plant polysaccharide powders | Influenza, typhoid, norovirus, HIV | Phase 1 (H5N1 influenza) |
| Selecta Biosciences | Targeted polymer nanoparticles | nicotine, malaria, type 1 diabetes, food allergy | Phase 1 (nicotine) |
| Novavax, Inc. | RSV-F micelles | Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza, rabies | Phase 2 (RSV, influenza) |
| Pevion Biotech AG | Virosome (cell-free lipid/protein self-assembling influenza-like liposomes) | Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis, RSV, malaria, HIV, hepatitis C virus | Phase 1 (RVVC, HIV, hepatitis C virus), Phase 2 (malaria) |
| Vical, Inc. | Cationic liposomes, Lipid/DNA poloxamer | HSV2, HIV, dengue | Phase I (Dengue), Phase 2 (HIV) |
| Crucell (Johnson & Johnson) | Virosomes | Aluminum-free hepatitis A virus, rabies, influenza | Approved (aluminum-free hepatitis A virus, Epaxal; influenza, Inflexal V) |
| GSK | “Adjuvant System” family of vaccine adjuvants, including liposomal monophosphoryl lipid A/saponin derivative QS21 (AS01B), oil-in-water emulsion with MPLA/QS21 (AS02A), MPLA adsorbed on alum (AS04) | Tuberculosis, malaria, HIV, HSV, HPV | Phase 1 (tuberculosis, HIV), Phase 3 (malaria), Approved (HPV) |
| Novartis | MF59 oil-in-water nanoemulsion; mRNA replicons in cationic liposomes | MF59, many infectious diseases; liposomal replicons initial focus on RSV | Approved (influenza, Europe); Preclinical (liposomal replicons) |