Table 1.
General characteristics in patients with and without cerebrovascular complications related to infective endocarditis: mean ± SD, n (%)
| CVC (-) N = 107 | CVC (+) N = 37 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age |
49.5 ± 18.1 |
48.0 ± 17.1 |
0.663 |
| Male |
69 (64.5) |
27 (73.0%) |
0.345 |
| Hypertension |
18 (16.8) |
7 (18.9) |
0.772 |
| Diabetes mellitus |
21 (19.6) |
6 (16.2) |
0.647 |
| Atrial fibrillation |
31 (29.0) |
12 (32.4) |
0.692 |
| Smoking |
12 (11.2) |
8 (21.6) |
0.115 |
| History of IE |
1 (0.9) |
1 (2.7) |
0.449 |
| Dialysis |
0 (0.0) |
2 (5.4) |
0.065 |
| History of CHF |
32 (29.9) |
9 (24.3) |
0.517 |
| Comorbidity index >2 |
22 (20.6) |
9 (24.3) |
0.631 |
| Initial C-reactive protein level, mg/dL |
7.4 ± 7.3 |
8.9 ± 6.3 |
0.437 |
| Diagnostic delay, days |
32.8 ± 35.3 |
29.9 ± 33.3 |
0.654 |
| Prosthetic valves |
45 (42.1) |
16 (43.2) |
0.900 |
| Mitral valve IE |
78 (72.9) |
31 (83.8) |
0.183 |
| Aortic valve IE |
52 (48.6) |
17 (45.9) |
0.781 |
| Dual valve IE |
22 (20.6) |
11 (29.7) |
0.253 |
| Warfarin use at admission |
38 (35.5) |
11 (29.7) |
0.522 |
| No surgery |
21 (19.6) |
12 (32.4) |
0.111 |
| Causative microorganism |
|
|
|
| Streptococcus viridans |
18 (16.8) |
4 (10.8) |
0.441 |
| Other streptococci |
15 (14.0) |
5 (13.5) |
0.939 |
| Staphylococcus aureus |
10 (9.3) |
9 (24.3) |
0.020 |
| Enterococci |
6 (5.6) |
2 (5.4) |
1.000 |
| Coagulase negative staphylococci |
4 (3.7) |
2 (5.4) |
0.647 |
| Others |
30 (28.0) |
7 (18.9) |
0.274 |
| Negative blood cultures |
24 (22.4) |
8 (21.6) |
0.919 |
| Echocardiographic findings |
|
|
|
| Vegetations |
99 (92.5) |
37 (100) |
0.113 |
| Vegetation size >1 cm |
46 (43.0) |
24 (64.9) |
0.022 |
| Mobile vegetations |
43 (40.2) |
29 (78.4) |
<0.001 |
| IE-related valve regurgitation |
88 (82.2) |
30 (81.1) |
0.874 |
| In-hospital mortality | 18 (16.8) | 10 (27.0) | 0.176 |