Figure 1.

Experimental set-up. Foot motion, ground reaction forces and intramuscular electromyography were recorded during incremental loading (experiment 1) and independent electrically evoked contractions of the three major plantar intrinsic foot muscles (experiment 2). Loads ranging from 0% to 150% of body mass were added to a loading device, which was secured to the distal aspect of the participants right thigh. The participant's foot was placed on the centre of a force plate and four motion analysis cameras were positioned to record three-dimensional motion of the shank and two individual foot segments during each task.