Table 2.

Characteristics and outcome of clinical trials using monoaminergic compounds on apathy in Alzheimer's disease.

Study	Study design	Sample size	Intervention	Time	Apathy as a primary or secondary objective	Apathy assessment instrument	Outcome
Herrmann et al., 2008 [22]	Randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled crossover	13	Methylphenidate (5–10 mg/day)	2 weeks	Primary	Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES)	Greater reduction in AES score with methylphenidate than placebo (P = 0.045)
Frakey et al., 2012 [23]	Randomized, placebo-controlled	23	Modafinil (200 mg/day)	8 weeks	Primary	Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe)	No significant improvement in apathy
Padala et al., 2010 [24]	Open-label	23	Methylphenidate (10 mg/day)	12 weeks	Secondary	AES	No significant improvement in apathy