Table 1.
Key examples of studies that evaluated the frequency (%) of soil contamination of public areas by roundworm, hookworm and whipworm eggs in different continents
|
Geographical area |
Site |
Frequency (%) |
Reference |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roundworms | Hookworms | Whipworms | |||
|
Africa |
|
|
|
|
|
| Niger |
Kaduna |
|
9.0 |
|
[63] |
|
Americas |
|
|
|
|
|
| USA |
Connecticut |
14.4 |
|
|
[64] |
| Argentina |
Buenos Aires |
13.2 |
|
|
[65] |
| |
Buenos Aires |
1.7 |
20.5 |
2.6 |
[66] |
| Brazil |
Fernandopolis |
79.4 |
6.9 |
|
[67] |
| |
Itabuna |
|
47.9 |
|
[68] |
| |
São Paulo |
29.7 |
|
|
[69] |
| |
Guarulhos, São Paulo |
68.1 |
64.8 |
|
[70] |
| Chile |
Santiago |
66.7 |
|
|
[71] |
| Venezuela |
Ciudad Bolívar |
|
61.1 |
|
[72] |
|
Asia |
|
|
|
|
|
| Japan |
Tokushima |
63.3 |
|
|
[73] |
| Thailand |
Bangkok |
5.7 |
|
|
[74] |
| Turkey |
Ankara |
45.0 |
|
|
[75] |
|
Europe |
|
|
|
|
|
| Ireland |
Dublin |
15.0 |
|
|
[76] |
| Spain |
Madrid |
16.4 |
3.0 |
|
[77] |
| Italy |
Marche region |
33.6 |
|
|
[78] |
| |
Milan |
7.0 |
3.0 |
5.0 |
[79] |
| |
Bari |
2.5 |
1.6 |
2.5 |
[80] |
| |
Naples |
0.7-1.4 |
2.4 |
10.1 |
[81] |
| |
Messina |
3.6 |
2.6 |
1.3 |
[82] |
| |
Alghero |
0.5-8.0 |
4.0 |
1.9 |
[83] |
| Poland |
Wrocław |
3.2 |
4.9 |
4.9 |
[84] |
| |
Warsaw |
26.1 |
|
|
[85] |
| |
Kraków |
15.6-19.8 |
|
|
[86] |
| Turkey |
Erzurum |
64.3 |
|
|
[87] |
| Czech Republic |
Prague |
20.4 |
|
|
[88] |
| Hungary |
Eastern and northern areas |
24.3-30.1 |
8.1-13.1 |
20.4-23.3 |
[89] |
| Slovak Republic | Bratislava | 18.7 | [90] | ||