Table 2.

Effect of contact time for bacterial reduction using nano-Ag-oxide.

Bacterial strain (CFU/100 mL)	Contact time	CFU/100 mL		% of removal
		Control of fabric without nAg2O	Fabric with nAg2O
Staphylococcus aureus 3.1 × 104	*C 0	3.0 × 104	2.4 × 104	22.7
	15 min	3.3 × 104	2.1 × 104	32.3
	30 min	3.4 × 104	1.6 × 104	48.4
	60 min	3.7 × 104	1.1 × 104	64.5
	120 min	4.1 × 104	1.1 × 103	96.5
	180 min	4.7 × 104	8.6 × 102	97.2
	24 h	5.1 × 104	1.2 × 102	99.6
Escherichia coli 4.6 × 104	C 0	4.6 × 104	3.2 × 104	30.4
	15 min	4.8 × 104	2.1 × 104	54.3
	30 min	5.0 × 104	1.6 × 104	65.2
	60 min	5.4 × 104	1.2 × 104	73.9
	120 min	5.8 × 104	4.2 × 103	90.8
	180 min	6.1 × 104	6.2 × 102	98.7
	24 h	6.9 × 104	1.1 × 102	99.8
Salmonella typhi 6.4 × 103	C 0	6.4 × 103	5.2 × 103	18.8
	15 min	6.5 × 103	3.9 × 103	39.1
	30 min	6.8 × 103	3.7 × 103	42.2
	60 min	7.1 × 103	2.1 × 103	67.2
	120 min	7.4 × 103	1.0 × 103	84.4
	180 min	7.7 × 103	6.2 × 102	90.3
	24 h	1.1 × 104	10.1 × 10	99.8

*C ₀: the concentration at zero retention time; minutes: min; hours: h.