Table 4. Odds for inadequate duration of exclusive breastfeeding.

(one infant per mother)
	Adjusted analysis
	(N  =  1007)
Infant and mother characteristics	OR (95% CI)
Gestational age groups, GA 24 – 27 weeks	1.6 (0.7 – 3.7)
GA 28 – 31 weeks	1.4 (0.9 – 2.2)
GA 32 – 34 weeks	1.2 (0.9 – 1.7)
GA 35 – 36 weeks (ref)	1
Multiple birth	2.4 (1.6 – 3.6)	****
Small for gestational age	1.2 (0.8 – 1.7)
Gender, boys	1.1 (0.8 – 1.5)
Maternal education, high ( ref)	1
Intermediate	1.6 (1.1 – 2.3)	**
Low	2.6 (1.7 – 3.9)	****
Breastfeeding experience, lenght of excl. BF, >4 mo. (ref)	1
1 – 4 months	3.5 (2.1 – 5.9)	****
< 1 month	11.1 (2.2 – 54.7)	**
Not breastfed previous infants	8.7 (2.3 – 32.2)	**
First time mothers	2.7 (1.8 – 4.0)	****
Maternal smoking	3.4 (1.8 – 6.5)	***
Mode of delivery, caesarean section	0.9 (0.7 – 1.3)
Breastfeeding practices
Mother admitted together with infant to the NICU	0.8 (0.6 – 1.1)
First breast milk expression, < 6 hours pp (ref)	1
6 – 12 hours pp	1.2 (0.8 – 1.7)
12 – 24 hours pp	1.6 (1.0 – 2.4)	*
24 – 48 hours pp	1.8 (1.0 – 3.1)	*
> 48 hours pp	2.1 (0.8 – 5.6)
Been skin-to-skin with mother within 6 hours pp	1.3 (0.9 – 1.8)
Nipple shield use	1.4 (1.1 – 1.9)	*
Pacifier use, no pacifier	0.8 (0.5 – 1.3)
Minimizing use of a pacifier	0.8 (0.6 – 1.1)
Unrestricted use of a pacifier (ref)	1
Test-weighing at most breastfeeds	0.9 (0.7 – 1.2)

*  =  p < 0,05, **  =  p< 0,01, ***  =  p< 0,001, ****  =  p< 0,0001.

BF  =  breastfeeding, CI  =  confidence interval, GA  =  Gestational age, (N  =  1007)  =  Number included in adjusted analysis NICU  =  Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, OR  = odds ratio, pp  = post partum.