Table 4. Hazard ratios for death (analysis from time of diagnosis).

Survival from diagnosis	Total patients N=15 091	Deaths n=10 041	%	HR	95% CI	Adjusted HRa	95% CI
Townsend quintile
1 (Least deprived)	2111	1981	93.8	1.00		1.00
2	2704	2558	94.6	1.02	0.96–1.08	1.03	0.98–1.10
3	2958	2788	94.3	1.02	0.96–1.08	1.01	0.95–1.07
4	3307	3109	94.0	1.01	0.95–1.06	1.03	0.98–1.09
5 (Most deprived)	3738	3517	94.1	0.99	0.94–1.05	1.02	0.96–1.08
Missing	273	262	96.0	1.69	1.49–1.93	1.39	1.22–1.58
Route of referral
Emergency admission	2323	2246	96.7	1.69	1.61–1.78	1.30	1.24–1.37
General Practitioner	7267	6738	92.7	1.00		1.00
Consultant referral	2729	2566	94.0	1.19	1.14–1.25	1.01	0.96–1.06
Other (inc private)	887	836	94.3	1.18	1.10–1.27	1.03	0.96–1.11
Emergency Department	1120	1086	97.0	1.66	1.56–1.77	1.29	1.21–1.37
Missing	765	743	97.1	1.26	1.17–1.36	1.12	1.04–1.21
Radiotherapy
No chemotherapy	4509	4448	98.6	1.00		1.00
Chemotherapy only	9590	8962	93.5	0.28	0.27–0.29	0.35	0.34–0.37
Chemo-radiotherapy	992	805	81.1	0.16	0.15–0.18	0.26	0.24–0.28
Chemotherapy cycles
No chemotherapy	4509	4448	98.6	1.00		1.00
1–3 cycles	3228	3115	96.5	0.45	0.43–0.47	0.54	0.52–0.57
⩾4 cycles	5540	4936	89.1	0.20	0.19–0.21	0.25	0.24–0.27
NLCA record only	1814	1716	94.6	0.31	0.29–0.33	0.39	0.37–0.41
Time to treatment
<18 days	5137	4834	94.1	1.00		1.00
⩾18 days	5445	4933	90.6	0.80	0.77–0.83	0.84	0.81–0.88
No chemotherapy	4509	4448	98.6	3.30	3.17–3.44	2.64	2.52–2.76
Trust first seen
Non-chemotherapy trust	4276	4011	93.8	1.00		1.00
Chemotherapy trust	10 779	10 171	94.4	1.01	0.97–1.04	0.99	0.95–1.02
Missing/trust that saw <20 cases	36	33	91.7	0.99	0.70–1.39	0.93	0.66–1.32

Abbreviations: CI=confidence interval; HR=hazard ratio; NLCA=National Lung Cancer Audit.

^aAdjusted for sex, age, performance status, co-morbidity index and stage.