Table 3.
Outcome | Scaleb | Baselinea | 1 mo postintervention | 4 mo postintervention | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||
Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | B | P | Mean (SE) | B | P | ||
Self-efficacy | ||||||||
Sunscreen | 1–5 | |||||||
Intervention | 4.04 (0.25) | 3.99 (0.26) | 0.01 | 0.89 | 3.97 (0.27) | 0.04 | 0.65 | |
Standard education | 4.04 (0.25) | 3.98 (0.25) | 3.93 (0.26) | |||||
Hats/Clothing | 1–5 | |||||||
Intervention | 3.99 (0.26) | 4.26 (0.27) | 0.18 | 0.026 | 4.27 (0.27) | 0.22 | 0.009 | |
Standard education | 3.99 (0.26) | 4.08 (0.27) | 4.06 (0.27) | |||||
Shade | 1–5 | |||||||
Intervention | 3.96 (0.23) | 4.09 (0.24) | 0.02 | 0.83 | 4.19 (0.24) | 0.04 | 0.64 | |
Standard education | 3.96 (0.23) | 4.07 (0.24) | 4.15 (0.24) | |||||
Limit time outdoors | 1–5 | |||||||
Intervention | 4.65 (0.25) | 4.70 (0.25) | −0.03 | 0.71 | 4.74 (0.25) | 0.00 | 0.98 | |
Standard education | 4.65 (0.25) | 4.73 (0.25) | 4.74 (0.25) | |||||
Outcome expectations | ||||||||
Sunscreen | 1–5 | |||||||
Intervention | 1.89 (0.25) | 2.00 (0.26) | 0.05 | 0.65 | 1.89 (0.26) | −0.16 | 0.12 | |
Standard education | 1.89 (0.25) | 1.95 (0.26) | 2.04 (0.26) | |||||
Hats | 1–5 | |||||||
Intervention | 2.58 (0.25) | 2.40 (0.26) | −0.15 | 0.10 | 2.40 (0.26) | −0.30 | 0.002 | |
Standard education | 2.58 (0.25) | 2.56 (0.26) | 2.70 (0.26) | |||||
Clothing | 1–5 | |||||||
Intervention | 2.67 (0.26) | 2.51 (0.27) | −0.03 | 0.75 | 2.45 (0.27) | −0.20 | 0.037 | |
Standard education | 2.67 (0.26) | 2.54 (0.27) | 2.65 (0.27) | |||||
Shade | 1–5 | |||||||
Intervention | 2.96 (0.27) | 2.81 (0.27) | −0.07 | 0.43 | 2.70 (0.27) | −0.12 | 0.19 | |
Standard education | 2.96 (0.27) | 2.88 (0.27) | 2.82 (0.27) | |||||
Limit time outdoors | 1–5 | |||||||
Intervention | 1.83 (0.26) | 1.82 (0.27) | 0.00 | 0.97 | 1.65 (0.27) | −0.11 | 0.28 | |
Standard education | 1.83 (0.26) | 1.81 (0.27) | 1.76 (0.27) | |||||
Tanning | 1–5 | |||||||
Intervention | 1.60 (0.23) | 1.52 (0.23) | −0.02 | 0.80 | 1.54 (0.23) | −0.06 | 0.46 | |
Standard education | 1.60 (0.23) | 1.54 (0.23) | 1.59 (0.23) | |||||
Intentions | ||||||||
Sunscreen | 1–5 | |||||||
Intervention | 3.85 (0.26) | 4.09 (0.27) | 0.13 | 0.15 | 3.79 (0.27) | 0.03 | 0.74 | |
Standard education | 3.85 (0.26) | 3.96 (0.27) | 3.76 (0.27) | |||||
Clothing | 1–5 | |||||||
Intervention | 3.59 (0.12) | 3.79 (0.13) | 0.06 | 0.51 | 3.79 (0.13) | 0.20 | 0.029 | |
Standard education | 3.59 (0.12) | 3.73 (0.13) | 3.59 (0.13) | |||||
Shade | 1–5 | |||||||
Intervention | 4.58 (0.25) | 4.71 (0.26) | −0.01 | 0.91 | 4.73 (0.26) | 0.07 | 0.46 | |
Standard education | 4.58 (0.25) | 4.72 (0.26) | 4.65 (0.26) | |||||
Limit time outdoors | 1–5 | |||||||
Intervention | 4.46 (0.31) | 4.59 (0.31) | −0.02 | 0.86 | 4.53 (0.31) | 0.03 | 0.80 | |
Standard education | 4.46 (0.31) | 4.61 (0.31) | 4.50 (0.31) | |||||
Perceived risk – child | ||||||||
Melanoma/skin cancer | 1–4 | |||||||
Intervention | 3.53 (0.13) | 3.51 (0.14) | −0.03 | 0.68 | 3.57 (0.14) | 0.12 | 0.10 | |
Standard education | 3.53 (0.13) | 3.54 (0.14) | 3.44 (0.14) | |||||
Sunburn | 1–4 | |||||||
Intervention | 4.09 (0.16) | 4.13 (0.17) | −0.13 | 0.09 | 4.10 (0.17) | −0.12 | 0.12 | |
Standard education | 4.09 (0.16) | 4.26 (0.17) | 4.22 (0.17) | |||||
Perceived benefits of sun protection | 1–5 | |||||||
Intervention | 4.52 (0.03) | 4.52 (0.04) | −0.06 | 0.30 | 4.51 (0.04) | −0.02 | 0.68 | |
Standard education | 4.52 (0.03) | 4.58 (0.04) | 4.53 (0.04) | |||||
Knowledge | 0–6 | |||||||
Intervention | 1.93 (0.32) | 2.07 (0.33) | 0.10 | 0.39 | 2.07 (0.33) | 0.32 | 0.010 | |
Standard education | 1.93 (0.32) | 1.97 (0.32) | 1.75 (0.32) |
Abbreviations: SE, standard error. Analyses are described in footnotes (c to e) to Table 2.
No significant differences at baseline.
Higher scores indicate more negative sun protection outcome expectations and higher levels of other variables.