Table 1.

Summary of CPP modified nanoparticles and their cellular applications.

Nanoparticles	CPPs	Cell lines and/or Effects	Refs
Liposomes	TATp, Penetratin, Octa-arginine	Calu-3 12- to 17-fold enhanced cell uptake of liposomes	102
	TATp	COS-7	103
	Poly-arginine	NCI-H446, A549, SK-MES-1 Enhanced siRNA intracellular delivery and tumor cell growth inhibition	104
	TAT, Penetratin	SK-BR-3, MCF-7, HTB 9, ADR, A431,C26 12-fold increase of Dox intracellular uptake	33
	TATp	LLC, BT20, H9C2 Enhanced cell uptake of liposomes	107
CLIO (MION)	TATp	Mouse lymphocytes, human natural killer, HeLa, human hematopoietic CD34+, mouse neural progenitor C17.2, human lymphocytes CD4+, T-cells, B-cells, macrophages, stem cells MRI imaging and magnetic separation of homed cells	56, 97–99
pH sensitive PEG-polylactic acid micelles	TATp	MCF-7 Enhanced cytotoxicity at acidic environment (pH < 7)	108
Gold nanoparticles	TATp Other NLS peptides	NIH3T3, HepG2, HeLa, hTERT-BJ1 Enhancedcytosolic and nuclear uptake of particles	109,110
Quantum dot-loaded micelles	TATp	MS1, lineage-negative bone marrow cells Dynamic imaging and tracking of labeled cells	111
PEI-PEG-TAT/DNA nanoplexes	TATp	SH-SY5Y Enhanced gene expression	112
	TATp	A549 Enhanced gene transfection of lung cells	113
Boron carbide nanoparticles	TATp	EL4, B16F10 Boron neutron capture therapy	114
Dendrimers	TATp, Penetratin	MDR3T3, MES-SA/Dx5 Enhanced ODN intracellular delivery	115
Solid lipid nanoparticles	DimericTATp	16HBE14o- Enhanced gene transfection	116