Table 2. Univariable analysis: psychosocial variables and LTFU.
| Number1 (%LTFU) | LTFU rate (per 100 p/y) | Hazard Ratio2 (95% CI) | P value of association with LTFU | ||
| Stigma | 0–35 | 83 (30.1) | 10.96 | 1.00 | 0.27 |
| 36–41 | 82 (20.7) | 7.65 | 0.68 (0.37–1.26) | ||
| 42–47 | 109 (36.7) | 12.81 | 1.12 (0.68–1.85) | ||
| 48+ | 106 (25.5) | 8.91 | 0.79 (0.46–1.37) | ||
| Stigma – linear term | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.90 | |||
| Categories of HIV disclosure | 0 | 46 (19.6) | 7.36 | 1.00 | 0.15 |
| 1 | 129 (26.4) | 8.89 | 1.16 (0.56–2.41) | ||
| 2 | 113 (28.3) | 10.08 | 1.36(0.65–2.86) | ||
| 3+ | 92 (37.0) | 13.94 | 1.90 (0.91–3.96) | ||
| Testing reason | Self-initiated: non sickness | 79 (36.7) | 12.88 | 1.00 | 0.26 |
| Self-initiated: sickness | 234 (26.1) | 9.65 | 0.72 (0.46–1.12) | ||
| Other initiated | 67 (28.4) | 9.11 | 0.64 (0.36–1.15) | ||
| Changed sexual behaviour | No | 118 (22.0) | 8.35 | 1.00 | 0.20 |
| Yes | 262 (31.7) | 11.00 | 1.32 (0.85–2.06) | ||
| Knowledge of people on ART | No | 96 (22.9) | 8.24 | 1.00 | 0.20 |
| Yes | 284 (30.6) | 10.89 | 1.35 (0.84–2.15) | ||
| ART knowledge | Low (> = 21) | 93 (22.6) | 7.45 | 1.00 | 0.13 |
| Mid (22–23) | 102 (31.4) | 12.01 | 1.72 (0.99–2.98) | ||
| High (24) | 185 (30.3) | 10.82 | 1.47 (0.89–2.43) | ||
| HIV optimism 3 | No | 110 (23.6) | 8.62 | 1.00 | 0.36 |
| Yes | 266 (30.8) | 10.93 | 1.23 (0.79–1.91) | ||
| Social support – time with family | <once a month/not at all | 26 (23.1) | 7.40 | 0.62 (0.27–1.43) | 0.58 |
| Once a month | 96 (26.0) | 8.96 | 0.73 (0.46–1.17) | ||
| At least once a fortnight | 28 (35.7) | 12.06 | 1.01 (0.52–1.96) | ||
| Several days a week | 18 (33.3) | 11.20 | 0.93 (0.40–2.16) | ||
| Every day | 212 (29.2) | 10.89 | 1.00 | ||
| Social support – time with friends | <once a month/not at all | 143 (23.6) | 8.07 | 1.00 | 0.07 |
| Once a month/at least once a fortnight | 70 (34.3) | 10.91 | 1.32 (0.78–2.24) | ||
| Several days a week | 88 (25.0) | 9.50 | 1.27 (0.74–2.17) | ||
| Every day | 79 (38.0) | 14.63 | 1.98 (1.21–3.26) | ||
| Social support – rely on family/friends | A little/not at all | 88 (39.8) | 13.18 | 1.00 | 0.10 |
| A lot | 292 (25.3) | 9.25 | 0.71 (0.47–1.06) | ||
| Social support – open with friends/family | Not at all | 95 (17.9) | 6.35 | 1.00 | <0.01 |
| A little | 142 (25.4) | 8.43 | 1.34 (0.76–2.39) | ||
| A lot | 143 (39.2) | 15.11 | 2.79 (1.62–4.82) | ||
| Social support- confidant 4 | No | 20 (30.0) | 10.03 | 1.00 | 0.96 |
| Yes | 356 (28.9) | 10.36 | 1.02 (0.45–2.33) | ||
| Social capital – time with neighbours | <once a month/not at all | 150 (31.3) | 10.40 | 1.00 | 0.32 |
| At least once a fortnight/once a month | 33 (18.2) | 5.83 | 0.57 (0.24–1.33) | ||
| Several days a week | 102 (28.4) | 10.88 | 1.14 (0.72–1.81) | ||
| Every day | 95 (28.4) | 11.04 | 1.10 (0.74–1.92) | ||
| Social capital –neighbourhood crime 5 | Common | 174 (29.3) | 10.46 | 1.00 | 0.07 |
| Unusual | 109 (22.9) | 7.72 | 0.71 (0.44–1.15) | ||
| Rare | 96(33.3) | 12.65 | 1.32 (0.84–2.05) | ||
| Social capital – group participation | No | 317 (29.3) | 10.45 | 1.00 | 0.55 |
| Yes | 63 (25.4) | 9.10 | 0.85 (0.51–1.45) | ||
| Social capital –neighbours giving time | No | 116 (30.1) | 10.10 | 1.00 | 0.59 |
| Yes | 264 (28.0) | 10.29 | 1.12 (0.75–1.67) | ||
| Social capital –neighbours giving money | No | 125 (29.6) | 9.84 | 1.00 | 0.41 |
| Yes | 255 (28.2) | 10.44 | 1.18 (0.79–1.76) | ||
| Social capital - community working together 6 | Individual/neighbours | 38 (21.1) | 7.67 | 1.00 | 0.06 |
| Traditional leaders | 114 (19.3) | 6.80 | 0.86 (0.38–1.94) | ||
| Municipal/district leaders | 141 (35.5) | 13.02 | 1.63 (0.77–3.45) | ||
| Traditional and municipal/district leaders | 86 (32.6) | 11.19 | 1.37 (0.63–3.01) | ||
| Partnership satisfaction (amongst those in a partnership) 7 | Low (0–23) | 74(39.2) | 13.85 | 1.00 | 0.04 |
| Mid (24–26) | 109 (28.4) | 9.43 | 0.65 (0.39–10.7) | ||
| High (27–30) | 84 (19.0) | 6.81 | 0.46 (0.25–0.86) | ||
| Most recent partner age differential | Older | 214 (30.4) | 10.64 | 1.00 | 0.83 |
| Same | 42 (23.8) | 8.57 | 0.82 (0.42–1.59) | ||
| Younger | 124 (27.4) | 10.06 | 0.97 (0.64–1.47) | ||
| Most recent partner location | In neighbourhood | 45 (26.7) | 8.90 | 1.00 | 0.64 |
| Out of neighbourhood | 174 (30.5) | 11.22 | 1.28 (0.69–2.40) | ||
| With participant | 161 (27.3) | 9.59 | 1.11 (0.59–2.10) | ||
| Most recent partner HIV disclosure | No | 164 (24.4) | 9.02 | 1.00 | 0.31 |
| Yes | 216 (31.9) | 11.08 | 1.22 (0.83–1.81) | ||
| Most recent partner HIV status | Positive | 112 (30.4) | 10.31 | 1.00 | 0.99 |
| Not known | 252 (28.2) | 10.16 | 0.98 (0.65–1.48) | ||
| Negative | 16 (25.0) | 10.68 | 1.04 (0.37–2.92) | ||
1
n = 380 unless stated;
2
Cox Regression;
3
n = 376;
4
n = 376;
5
n = 379;
6
n = 379;
7
n = 267.