Table 6. Main Therapeutic Options on Influenza for Children According to Guidelines.
Therapy recommended | H1N1 | H3N2 | H5N1 | Influenza-like syndrome | ||
Harper 2009, IDSA | Bautista 2009, WHO | Harper 2009, IDSA | Bellamy 2006, WHO | Harper 2009, IDSA | Morciano 2009, SNLG | |
Target of population | Children>1 year | Children (≤12) and Adolescents(13–18 years) | Children >1 year | Children | Children >1 year | Children |
Antivirals | ||||||
Onset of antivirals | Laboratory-confirmed or highly suspected infection (A, II) | Confirmed or strongly suspected infection (Low, Strong) | Laboratory-confirmed or highly suspected infection (A, II) | Confirmed or strongly suspected infection | Laboratory-confirmed or highly suspected infection (A, II) | Post-exposure prophylaxis in non-vaccinated institutionalized patients |
Choose of antivirals | Zanamivir, adamantine (rimantadine) (A, II) | Pandemic H1N1 with severe or progressive clinical illness: oseltamivir (Low, strong) Uncomplicated pandemic H1N1: oseltamivir, zanamivir(Low,strong) | Oseltamivir, zanamivir (A-II) | Oseltamivir (strong, very low), zanamivir (≥7 years) (weak, very low). | Oseltamivir, zanamivir (A-II) | Oseltamivir (C/I) |
Antibiotics | ||||||
Severe community-acquired pneumonia: follow guidelines (strong) Mechanical ventilation: recommend treatment or prevention of ventilator associated or hospital acquired pneumonia (strong) | Non-complicated: NR1(E/I) Influenza-like syndrome-related sore throat: NR, unless symptoms are complicated by bacterial infections(D/I) | |||||
NSAIs | ||||||
Aspirin: NR (strong, regulatory warning) | Paracetamol, ibuprofen (B/I) |
Notes:
NR: not recommended.