Table 2. Myocardial gene expression.

	Non-pregnant sham (n = 7)	Non-pregnant TAC (n = 7)	Pregnant sham (n = 7)	Pregnant TAC (n = 7)
Heart function related genes
PKCα	1.00±0.04	1.21±0.08	0.84±0.04†	1.03±0.03†
αMHC	1.00±0.05	0.94±0.05	0.88±0.04	0.68±0.04*†‡
βMHC	1.00±0.15	2.09±0.48	0.95±0.11	5.04±0.78*†‡
ANP	1.00±0.08	3.63±0.99	1.18±0.26	4.74±0.91*†
BNP	1.00±0.20	2.46±0.59	0.58±0.09	2.53±0.73‡
ANKRD1	1.00±0.18	1.46±0.20	0.54±0.02†	1.18±0.15‡
TNFα	1.00±0.09	1.41±0.07*	0.85±0.12†	0.76±0.08†
TGFβ1	1.00±0.04	1.32±0.06*	0.85±0.05†	1.19±0.08‡
TGFβ2	1.00±0.17	1.54±0.25	0.74±0.05†	1.45±0.24
TGFβ3	1.00±0.03	1.19±0.10	0.83±0.03†	0.91±0.04†
Angiogenesis related genes
VEGFα	1.00±0.05	1.00±0.07	0.76±0.03*†	0.91±0.07
VEGFβ	1.00±0.07	1.11±0.06	0.88±0.04	0.87±0.06
Oxidative stress related genes
SOD1	1.00±0.07	0.92±0.04	0.82±0.06	0.90±0.04
eNOS	1.00±0.05	1.21±0.09	0.88±0.07†	0.78±0.09†
iNOS	1.00±0.06	1.77±0.19*	0.54±0.10†	0.76±0.13†
Fibrosis related genes
COL3A1	1.00±0.07	1.78±0.16*	0.93±0.11†	1.33±0.14*‡
COL1A1	1.00±0.10	1.83±0.15*	1.02±0.16†	1.56±0.21
FN1	1.00±0.04	1.18±0.09	0.98±0.10	1.52±0.16*‡
TIMP1	1.00±0.08	1.69±0.22	1.37±0.19	2.94±0.62*‡

Relative expression of genes related to cardiac remodeling normalized to mean values in non-pregnant sham operated animals. TAC, transverse aorta constriction, PKCα, protein kinase Cα, MHC, myosin heavy chain, ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide, BNP, brain natriuretic peptide, ANKRD1, ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 1, TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α, TGF, transforming growth factor, VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor, SOD1, superoxide dismutase 1, eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase, COL1A1, collagen type I-a 1, COL3A1, collagen type III-a 1, FN1, fibronectin and TIMP1, tissue inhibitor of metallopeptidase 1. Data are presented as mean±SEM. Comparisons between groups were made using one-way ANOVA and Holm-Sidak post hoc test. p<0.05 compared to non-pregnant sham (*), non-pregnant TAC (†), or pregnant sham rats (‡).