Table 2.
Associations between patient-, tumor-, therapy-, and pulmonary function tests-related characteristics and grade ≥ 2 radiation pneumonitis
| Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis** | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||
| Parameter | HR | 95% CI | P | HR | 95% CI | P |
| Age, years | 1.04 | 1.01-1.08 | 0.023 | 1.05 | 0.99-1.09 | 0.055 |
| Karnofsky performance status | ||||||
| ≥80 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| <80 | 1.93 | 0.75-4.96 | 0.168 | 4.03 | 1.05-15.35 | 0.041 |
| Disease stage | ||||||
| I,II | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| III,IV | 2.57 | 1.11-5.97 | 0.028 | 4.82 | 1.27-18.19 | 0.020 |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Nonsmoker/Former | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Current smoker | 1.46 | 0.61-3.46 | 0.386 | 1.87 | 0.66-5.33 | 0.237 |
| Chronic respiratory disease | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 0.83 | 0.41-1.65 | 0.598 | 1.01 | 0.41-2.51 | 0.969 |
| Chemotherapy | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 2.20 | 0.77-6.25 | 0.137 | 1.86 | 0.39-8.82 | 0.434 |
| Radiation fractionation | ||||||
| Once daily | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Twice daily | 1.11 | 0.45-2.71 | 0.820 | 0.33 | 0.92-1.22 | 0.099 |
| V20 | ||||||
| ≥30% | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| <30% | 1.73 | 0.87-3.45 | 0.202 | 0.88 | 0.21-3.80 | 0.869 |
| Mean lung dose, Gy (or GyE) | ||||||
| ≥17 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| <17 | 1.00 | 0.99-1.00 | 0.357 | 1.64 | 0.39-6.73 | 0.492 |
| Baseline DLCO (% of predicted) | ||||||
| ≥60% | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| <60% | 1.20 | 0.60-2.42 | 0.595 | 0.69 | 0.27-1.81 | 0.460 |
| Baseline FEV1 (% of predicted) | ||||||
| ≥60% | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| <60% | 1.88 | 0.96-3.68 | 0.064 | 2.29 | 0.97-5.36 | 0.056 |
| DLCO reduction (%)* | 1.03 | 1.01-1.05 | 0.001 | 1.02 | 1.002-1.05 | 0.030 |
Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; V20, volume of normal lung receiving 20 Gy or more radiation; DLCO, diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide of the lung; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second.
*
Percent reduction in DLCO = (1 − post/pre) × 100
**
Multivariate analyses were adjusted for all factors listed in Table.