Table 2.

Characteristics of centres

	Number of centres n=13
Nurse shift
2 per day	9
3 per day	4
Day–night nurse rotation
Yes	7
No	6
Pain coordinator
Yes	10
No	3
Written standardised protocols for sucrose analgesia
Yes	11
No	2
Parental presence authorised 24 hours
Yes	6
No	7
Teaching status*
Minor	6
Major	7
Night head nurse
Yes	2
No	11

*Postgraduate trainees/bed ratio: minor teaching units if ratios were one-fourth or less, major teaching units if ratios were higher than one-fourth.

Aiken LH et al.¹³