Table 1.
Baseline characteristics according to index procedure left ventricular function.
| Left ventricular ejection fraction |
p-value |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A: <40% (n=219) | B: 40–50% (n=396) | C: ≥50% (n=2033) | All groups | A vs. B | A vs. C | B vs. C | |
| Age (years) | 61.05 (54.90–71.83) | 59.65 (53.18–70.13) | 59.34 (51.79–68.95) | 0.03 | 0.14 | 0.01 | 0.25 |
| ≥65 years | 40.2 (88/219) | 37.6 (149/396) | 34.5 (701/2033) | 0.15 | 0.53 | 0.09 | 0.23 |
| Gender | |||||||
| Male | 67.6 (148/219) | 81.3 (322/396) | 76.9 (1564/2033) | 0.0006 | 0.0001 | 0.002 | 0.06 |
| Female | 32.4 (71/219) | 18.7 (74/396) | 23.1 (469/2033) | 0.0006 | 0.0001 | 0.002 | 0.06 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.51 (24.21–29.48) | 27.17 (24.49–30.42) | 27.04 (24.61–29.84) | 0.15 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.77 |
| Hypertension | 54.6 (119/218) | 53.5 (212/396) | 52.8 (1073/2033) | 0.86 | 0.80 | 0.61 | 0.78 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 41.7 (91/218) | 39.4 (156/396) | 41.8 (849/2033) | 0.68 | 0.57 | 1.00 | 0.38 |
| Current smoker | 48.4 (105/217) | 50.6 (200/395) | 46.4 (940/2026) | 0.28 | 0.60 | 0.58 | 0.12 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 19.7 (43/218) | 15.2 (60/396) | 15.6 (317/2033) | 0.26 | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.82 |
| Insulin requiring | 6.9 (15/218) | 3.8 (15/396) | 4.4 (89/2033) | 0.18 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.60 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 7.8 (17/218) | 1.8 (7/396) | 4.1 (84/2033) | 0.001 | 0.0002 | 0.01 | 0.02 |
| History of renal insufficiencya | 3.2 (7/218) | 2.5 (10/396) | 2.1 (42/2033) | 0.50 | 0.62 | 0.27 | 0.56 |
| Current dialysis | 0.5 (1/218) | 0.3 (1/396) | 0.1 (2/2033) | 0.37 | 0.67 | 0.17 | 0.42 |
| Prior MI | 16.1 (35/218) | 13.1 (52/396) | 9.3 (189/2033) | 0.001 | 0.32 | 0.002 | 0.02 |
| Prior PCI | 13.8 (30/218) | 12.4 (49/396) | 8.4 (171/2033) | 0.004 | 0.62 | 0.009 | 0.01 |
| Prior CABG | 2.3 (5/218) | 2.0 (8/396) | 2.5 (51/2033) | 0.84 | 0.82 | 0.85 | 0.56 |
| Family history of premature CAD | 29.4 (64/218) | 34.1 (135/396) | 29.4 (597/2033) | 0.17 | 0.23 | 1.00 | 0.06 |
| CCS angina class | |||||||
| 1 | 5.0 (11/218) | 4.8 (19/396) | 4.5 (92/2033) | 0.9235 | 0.89 | 0.7267 | 0.8121 |
| 2 | 11.9 (26/218) | 11.9 (47/396) | 8.6 (175/2033) | 0.0503 | 0.98 | 0.1025 | 0.0394 |
| 3 | 4.6 (10/218) | 5.1 (20/396) | 3.7 (76/2033) | 0.4286 | 0.80 | 0.5344 | 0.2202 |
| 4 | 2.8 (6/218) | 4.5 (18/396) | 3.2 (66/2033) | 0.3667 | 0.27 | 0.6936 | 0.1956 |
| NYHA class | |||||||
| 1 | 2.3 (5/218) | 0.8 (3/396) | 0.3 (7/2033) | 0.001 | 0.11 | 0.0002 | 0.24 |
| 2 | 3.7 (8/218) | 1.5 (6/396) | 0.7 (15/2033) | 0.0003 | 0.09 | <0.0001 | 0.13 |
| 3 | 2.8 (6/218) | 0.5 (2/396) | 0.2 (5/2033) | <0.0001 | 0.02 | <0.0001 | 0.38 |
| 4 | 0.0 (0/218) | 0.3 (1/396) | 0.0 (1/2033) | 0.37 | 0.46 | 0.74 | 0.20 |
| Killip class | |||||||
| 1 | 82.1 (179/218) | 88.4 (350/396) | 94.3 (1914/2030) | <0.0001 | 0.03 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| 2 | 12.8 (28/218) | 9.8 (39/396) | 4.8 (98/2030) | <0.0001 | 0.25 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| 3 | 2.8 (6/218) | 1.0 (4/396) | 0.5 (10/2030) | 0.001 | 0.10 | 0.0002 | 0.21 |
| 4 | 2.3 (5/218) | 0.8 (3/396) | 0.4 (8/2030) | 0.003 | 0.11 | 0.0004 | 0.32 |
| Interval from symptom onset to first hospital (h) | 2.46 (1.27–4.17) | 2.50 (1.38–4.08) | 2.08 (1.25–3.87) | 0.04 | 0.60 | 0.24 | 0.02 |
Values are median (interquartile range) or % (n/total).
a
Renal insufficiency was defined as a creatinine clearance of less than 60 ml/min as calculated at baseline by the Cockcroft–Gault equation.
CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CAD, coronary artery disease; CCS, Canadian Cardiovascular Society; MI, myocardial infarction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.