TABLE 7.
HETEROGENEITY IN CHILDCARE TIME, TIME USE SURVEY (1998–1999).
| Households w/ ONLY 1 child under 6 |
Households w/ ONLY 1 child under 15 |
Physical Care | Supervising | Exclusive Care | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | |
| Panel A: Youngest kids under 1 year old | ||||||||
| Male = 1 | 59.855 [30.143]** |
55.177 [34.848] |
30.139 [13.444]** |
5.4 [23.359] |
20.217 [12.220]* |
55.231 [16.674]*** |
28.517 [15.577]* |
59.261 [24.936]** |
| Male* (# other children under 6) |
20.59 [14.671] |
−28.721 [11.020]*** |
−27.47 [15.135]* |
|||||
| # Other children under 6 | −10.209 [8.372] |
18.098 [7.163]** |
−3.689 [9.636] |
|||||
| Constant | 204.183 [21.463]*** |
194.695 [25.245]*** |
151.245 [8.622]*** |
164.184 [15.016]*** |
46.131 [8.397]*** |
23.193 [7.541]*** |
119.165 [11.078]*** |
123.841 [16.318]*** |
| Observations | 151 | 113 | 562 | 562 | 562 | 562 | 562 | 562 |
| Panel B: Youngest kids under 2 years old | ||||||||
| Male = 1 | 50.777 [15.969]*** |
40.999 [17.269]** |
14.673 [6.597]** |
20.442 [11.150]* |
10.643 [6.077]* |
35.414 [9.874]*** |
8.635 [7.575] |
37.278 [12.577]*** |
| Male* (# other children under 6) |
−4.725 [7.181] |
−20.231 [6.003]*** |
−23.943 [7.496]*** |
|||||
| # Other children under 6 | 1.606 [4.471] |
8.315 [4.061]** |
−3.696 [5.001] |
|||||
| Constant | 168.946 [10.742]*** |
168.042 [11.828]*** |
130.381 [4.346]*** |
128.368 [7.393]*** |
43.516 [3.723]*** |
33.092 [5.369]*** |
91.12 [5.297]*** |
95.753 [8.097]*** |
| Observations | 481 | 389 | 1947 | 1947 | 1947 | 1947 | 1947 | 1947 |
Notes: Robust standard errors in brackets. Panel A reports results for households whose youngest child is under 1 year old, panel B for those whose youngest is under 2.The dependent variable in columns (3) and (4) is the amount of time spent taking physical care of children (e.g., washing, dressing and feeding). The dependent variable in columns (5) and (6) is the amount of time spent supervising children. The dependent variable in columns (9) and (10) is the amount of time spent exclusively on childcare -- i.e., the caretaker was not multi-tasking. The variable “# other children under 6” excludes the youngest child. Its mean is equal to 1.23 children. All columns are estimated using OLS. Survey weights are used for estimation.
p<0.01,
p<0.05,
p<0.1