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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am Heart J. 2013 May 1;166(1):150–156. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2013.03.016

Table 3. Age-, sex-, and race-adjusted prevalence ratios of the association of CKD status with cardiovascular disease risk factors, overall and by history of CVD, U.S. adults aged 20 or older.

No CKD CKD stage 1-2 CKD stage 3-5
Overall Sample
Hypertension 1.00 (Ref) 1.37 (1.27, 1.48) p<0.001 1.19 (1.12, 1.27) p<0.001
Hypercholesterolemia 1.00 (Ref) 0.98 (0.92, 1.05) p=0.56 0.90 (0.84, 0.97) p=0.004
Diabetes 1.00 (Ref) 2.53 (2.21, 2.89) p<0.001 1.59 (1.38, 1.84) p<0.001
History of CVD 1.00 (Ref) 1.44 (1.18, 1.77) p<0.001 1.50 (1.24, 1.81) p=0.001
Adults with history of CVD
Hypertension 1.00 (Ref) 1.21 (1.09, 1.33) p<0.001 1.19 (1.00, 1.28) p=0.05
Hypercholesterolemia 1.00 (Ref) 1.04 (0.89, 1.22) p=0.60 0.98 (0.86, 1.11) p=0.70
Diabetes 1.00 (Ref) 2.15 (1.74, 2.66) p<0.001 1.59 (1.26, 2.01) p<0.001
Adults with no history of CVD
Hypertension 1.00 (Ref) 1.39 (1.29, 1.51) p<0.001 1.27 (1.18, 1.36) p<0.001
Hypercholesterolemia 1.00 (Ref) 0.98 (0.92, 1.04) p=0.47 0.91 (0.84, 0.98) p=0.02
Diabetes 1.00 (Ref) 2.55 (2.22, 2.93) p<0.001 1.52 (1.28, 1.81) p<0.001