Table 2.

Patient and provider adjusted relative risk* (RR) from the multivariable regression model

Independent variable	Levels	Relative risk (RR)	95% confidence interval for RR	P-value
Primary care model	CAP-I	0.965	0.943–0.987	0.0021
	FFS	0.940	0.917–0.963	<.0001
	CAP-NI	1.000	-	.
Patient characteristics
Health status (ADG)	3 (Very sick)	8.464	8.358–8.571	<.0001
	2	5.846	5.787–5.906	<.0001
	1	3.020	2.996–3.043	<.0001
	0 (Healthy)	1.000	-	.
Income quintile	5 (high)	1.041	1.038–1.044	<.0001
	4	1.041	1.038–1.044	<.0001
	3	1.031	1.028–1.034	<.0001
	2	1.020	1.018–1.023	<.0001
	1 (low)	1.000	-	.
Rurality	Rural	0.935	0.925–0.945	<.0001
	Non-major urban centre	0.990	0.984–0.995	0.0001
	Major urban centre	1.000	1.000	.
Patient age	0-21	3.591	3.558–3.623	<.0001
	22-40	2.986	2.962–3.011	<.0001
	41-56	1.895	1.883–1.908	<.0001
	57+	1.000	-	.
Patient sex	Female vs. male	1.172	1.169–1.175	<.0001
Physician characteristics
Physician sex	Female vs. male	1.145	1.124–1.165	<.0001
Year of graduation		1.003	1.002–1.004	<.0001
Foreign trained	Foreign vs. local	0.926	0.906–0.946	<.0001
Time in model		1.001	1.001–1.001	<.0001

*A relative risk greater than one indicates that the patient group was more likely to be referred than the specified reference group, whereas a value below one indicates that they are less likely to be referred relative to the reference group.