Table 2.
Patient and provider adjusted relative risk* (RR) from the multivariable regression model
| Independent variable | Levels | Relative risk (RR) | 95% confidence interval for RR | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary care model |
CAP-I |
0.965 |
0.943–0.987 |
0.0021 |
| FFS |
0.940 |
0.917–0.963 |
<.0001 |
|
| CAP-NI |
1.000 |
- |
. |
|
|
Patient characteristics | ||||
| Health status (ADG) |
3 (Very sick) |
8.464 |
8.358–8.571 |
<.0001 |
| |
2 |
5.846 |
5.787–5.906 |
<.0001 |
| |
1 |
3.020 |
2.996–3.043 |
<.0001 |
| |
0 (Healthy) |
1.000 |
- |
. |
| Income quintile |
5 (high) |
1.041 |
1.038–1.044 |
<.0001 |
| |
4 |
1.041 |
1.038–1.044 |
<.0001 |
| |
3 |
1.031 |
1.028–1.034 |
<.0001 |
| |
2 |
1.020 |
1.018–1.023 |
<.0001 |
| |
1 (low) |
1.000 |
- |
. |
| Rurality |
Rural |
0.935 |
0.925–0.945 |
<.0001 |
| |
Non-major urban centre |
0.990 |
0.984–0.995 |
0.0001 |
| |
Major urban centre |
1.000 |
1.000 |
. |
| Patient age |
0-21 |
3.591 |
3.558–3.623 |
<.0001 |
| |
22-40 |
2.986 |
2.962–3.011 |
<.0001 |
| |
41-56 |
1.895 |
1.883–1.908 |
<.0001 |
| |
57+ |
1.000 |
- |
. |
| Patient sex |
Female vs. male |
1.172 |
1.169–1.175 |
<.0001 |
|
Physician characteristics | ||||
| Physician sex |
Female vs. male |
1.145 |
1.124–1.165 |
<.0001 |
| Year of graduation |
|
1.003 |
1.002–1.004 |
<.0001 |
| Foreign trained |
Foreign vs. local |
0.926 |
0.906–0.946 |
<.0001 |
| Time in model | 1.001 | 1.001–1.001 | <.0001 | |
*A relative risk greater than one indicates that the patient group was more likely to be referred than the specified reference group, whereas a value below one indicates that they are less likely to be referred relative to the reference group.