Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of HIV-infected FRAM participants by arm skeletal muscle tertile.a
| Arm SM tertiles (separate cut-points by sex) |
P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 1 (lowest; n = 313) |
Tertile 2 (n = 307) |
Tertile 3 (highest; n = 302) |
||
| Age (years) | 43.0 (37.0–48.0) | 42.0 (37.0–48.0) | 42.0 (37.0–47.0) | 0.51 |
| Female | 31% | 28% | 30% | 0.92 |
| Race | ||||
| African-American | 30% | 40% | 47% | <0.0001 |
| White | 57% | 46% | 40% | |
| Other | 13% | 13% | 12% | |
| Diabetes | 6% | 5% | 15% | <0.0001 |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Current | 51% | 41% | 37% | 0.0003 |
| Past | 21% | 20% | 25% | |
| Never | 28% | 39% | 38% | |
| Antihypertensive use | 22% | 18% | 24% | 0.44 |
| ACE-I use | 9% | 8% | 11% | 0.31 |
| Hyperlipidemia treatment | 13% | 16% | 17% | 0.19 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 113.0 (104.0–123.0) | 115.0 (107.0–123.0) | 118.0 (110.0–127.0) | <0.0001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 77.0 (69.0–83.0) | 78.0 (71.0–84.0) | 80.0 (73.0–87.0) | <0.0001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 84.8 (76.9–92.3) | 87.9 (81.1–95.5) | 93.2 (85.8–101.0) | <0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.4 (20.6–24.7) | 24.6 (22.4–26.9) | 27.1 (24.6–30.9) | <0.0001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 188.0 (156.0-222.0) | 194.0 (162.0–235.0) | 190.0 (159.0–219.0) | 0.98 |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 40.0 (34.0–52.0) | 43.0 (34.0–54.0) | 40.0 (33.0–52.0) | 0.70 |
| CRP (mg/l) | 1.8 (0.8–4.2) | 1.7 (0.7–3.8) | 1.9 (0.9–4.2) | 0.81 |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dl) | 379 (297–465) | 359 (302–427) | 349 (291–418) | 0.0066 |
| eGFRcys (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 79 (67–97) | 86 (72–100) | 90 (75–106) | <0.0001 |
| Albuminuria | 22% | 21% | 20% | 0.39 |
| HIV-related factors | ||||
| Detectable HIV RNA | 51% | 45% | 53% | 0.59 |
| Current CD4 cell count (cells/µl) | 333 (169–513) | 376 (215–550) | 419 (263–566) | <0.0001 |
| HIV duration (years) | 8.1 (5.5–11.5) | 8.1 (5.3–11.8) | 7.6 (5.0–11.5) | 0.37 |
| Detectable HCV RNA | 25% | 18% | 21% | 0.15 |
| History of AIDSb | 75% | 68% | 69% | 0.090 |
| Any antiretroviral (current) | 87% | 84% | 80% | 0.0059 |
| HAART use (ever) | 90% | 89% | 85% | 0.022 |
Arm SM is adjusted for height and then tertiled, with cut-points of T1<2.7 kg for women, <3.6 kg for men. T2=2.7–3.2 kg for women, 3.6–4.3 kg for men; T3>3.2 kg for women, >4.3 kg for men. ACE-I, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; BP, blood pressure; CRP, C-reactive protein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FRAM, Study of Fat Redistribution and Metabolic Change in HIV Infection; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; SM, skeletal muscle.
a
Statistics estimated using IPCW weights. Continuous data are represented as median (IQR).
b
AIDS defined by CD4 cell count <200 cells/µl or history of opportunistic infection or malignancy.