Table 2.
Clinical and laboratory features of control subjects and patients: serum cholesterol, triglycerides, high- and low-density lipoproteins, glycosylated hemoglobin, plasma insulin, fasting blood sugar level, insulin resistance index, serum creatinine, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and plasma level of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1
| Parameter | Control subjects (n = 25) | Patients (n = 55) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.5 ± 0.62 | 5.1 ± 1.46 | <0.05 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 0.9 ± 0.39 | 2.0 ± 1.01 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 0.9 ± 0.29 | 1.3 ± 1.2 | NS |
| LDL (mmol/l) | 2.9 ± 0.76 | 3.9 ± 1.38 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | ND | 8.1 ± 2.16 | |
| Plasma Insulin (IU/ml) | 13.2 ± 5.86 | 24 ± 22.1 | <0.05 |
| Fasting blood sugar (mmol/l) | 4.7 ± 0.54 | 8.9 ± 3.88 | <0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.8 ± 1.44 | 8.8 ± 1.5 | <0.01 |
| Creatinine (μmol/l) | 87.1 ± 14.1 | 123.3 ± 10.6 | NS |
| ESR (mm/h) | 13.2 ± 12.79 | 59.6 ± 38.37 | <0.001 |
| ICAM-1 (ng/ml) | 13.468 ± 5.89 | 17.5 ± 7.77 | 0.02 |
| VCAM-1 (ng/ml) | 29.48 ± 5.799 | 48.28 ± 25.4 | <0.001 |
Comparisons were made using Mann–Whitney test. P < 0.05 is statistically significant
HbA 1c glycosylated hemoglobin, HOMA IR insulin resistance index, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ICAM-1 cellular adhesion molecule-1, VCAM-1 vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1, ND non-detectable, NS non-significant