Table 1.
Authors (year of publication) | Location | Data source and year(s) | Definition of hardcore | Notable exclusions | Hardcore prevalence as % of all smokers |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sorg et al. (2011) [6] | USA: Missouri | Missouri County level study, representative survey, 2007 | No quit attempt in last 12 months | Smokers 25 years or under | 7.8% |
CPD 15 or more | |||||
Do not intend to quit in future | |||||
Lund et al. (2011) [5] | Norway | Statistics Norway: national cross-sectional survey, 1996–2009 | No quit attempt in previous 12 months | Smokers 25 years or under | 11% average 1996–2009 (max 16%, min 6%) |
No intention to quit in next 6 months | |||||
Belief in continued smoking in 5 year's time | |||||
MacIntosh & Coleman (2006) [12] | UK | Secondary research data. General practice, Leicestershire, UK, 1995–96, 1998–99 | Do not intend to quit in next month | 16.1% (14.1–18.4) | |
No desire to quit | |||||
No quit attempts longer than 24 hours in past year | |||||
Jarvis et al. (2003) [13] | UK | UK Health Education Authority surveys, 1994–97 | Do not intend to quit in future | Smokers 25 years or under | 15.7% |
No desire to quit | |||||
No quit attempts in past year | |||||
less than 1 day without smoking cigarettes over past 5 years | |||||
Augustson & Marcus (2004) [4] | USA: national | 1998–99 Tobacco Use Supplement to Current Population Survey (TUS-CPS) | Do not intend to quit in next 6 months | Smokers 25 years or under | 13.7% of current smokers |
No previous quit attempt | |||||
CPD 15 or more | |||||
Daily smoker, with minimum 5 years smoking history | |||||
Emery et al. (2000) [14] | USA: California | California Tobacco Survey, 1996 | Expect to never quit | Smokers 25 years or under | 5.2% |
No quit attempts in past year | |||||
CPD 15 or more |
CPD: cigarettes per day.