Figure 6.

A model linking MDRs, LTA, and induction of type I interferon response. Upon LTA stress L. monocytogenes bacteria secret immuno-stimulatory molecules via the MDR transporters. These molecules are recognized by receptors of the innate immune system leading to type I interferon response. Under normal growth conditions the MDR transporters are involved in LTA synthesis, possibly via secretion of the same immuno-stimulatory molecules that might serve the bacteria as second messenger regulatory molecules regulating LTA synthesis.