Table 3.

Classification low rectal cancer (Taylor et al[34] 2008)

Stage
1	Tumor confined to bowel wall, outer muscle intact
2	Tumor occupies muscle coat but does not enter intersphincteric plane
3	Tumor enters intersphincteric space or lies within within 1 mm of levator muscle
4	Invades external anal sphincter or is 1 mm or beyond levator with/without adjacent organ involvement