Table 1.
Reported cases of gastric cancer that initially presented with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis alone
| Ref. | Case (age/sex) | Gastroscopic classification | Histopathological stage | Involvement of other organs/tissues | Treatment | Survival from onset of initial symptoms |
| Present case | 40/F | Bormann I | AdenocarcinomaPoor differentiationSignet cell type | No | No | 4 mo |
| Deeb et al[12], 1997 | 53/M | Not classified2 | No | Intraventricular MTX | > 6 mo | |
| Braeuninger et al[9], 2005 | 68/M | Not classified2 | Lymph nodes | Intrathecal chemotherapy | 2 mo | |
| Lee et al[10], 2007 | 49/F | Bormann IV | Lymphadenopathy | No | ND | |
| Yamada et al[13], 2008 | 53/M | Bormann II | ND | Radiotherapy | 4.23 mo (127 d) | |
| Gdovinova et al[11], 2009; Case 1 | 40/F | ND | Lymphatic node, ovary, peritoneum, leptomeninges | No | 2 mo | |
| Gdovinova et al[11], 2009; Case 2 | 49/F | Not classified2 | ND | Yes1 | 2 mo | |
| Ohno et al[14], 2010 | 62/M | Not classified2 | ND | Radiotherapy | 3 mo (12 wk) |
No further information was provided;
Detailed description; Deeb et al[12] (1997): multiple round, thickened, raised lesions, encroaching on the lumen with loss of vascular pattern in the distal esophagus just proximal to the gastroesophageal junction. The stomach was non-distensible and involved by diffuse marked nodularity with overlying normal mucosa and prominence of the areae gastricae, mostly in the proximal body with few ulcerations in the distal body; Braeuninger et al[9] (2005): the primary tumor site was disclosed by oesophagogastroduodenoscopy, where an ulcer of 15 mm in diameter was observed in the distal stomach; Gdovinova et al[11] (2009): gastroscopy revealed a callous mediogastric ulcus as well as peptic ulcerations in the duodenal bulb; Ohno et al[14] (2010): a large type 3 gastric cancer at the greater curvature side of the middle body. M: Male; F: Female; ND: Not determined; MTX: Methotrexate.