Table 4.
Differences in Percentage of Smokers Quitting (95% Confidence Intervals), Readiness to Quit, Length of Time Since Quitting, and Use of Nicotine Replacement Therapy Between REQ-Mobile Application and onQ Text Messaging Conditions
| REQ-MOBILE APPLICATION | ONQ TEXT MESSAGING | ESTIMATED EFFECT SIZEa | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6-week posttest | ||||
| Made a quit attempt (completers n=66) | 33% (16–50%) | 73% (57–89%) | 0.82 | <0.01 |
| Point-prevalence abstinence (on day of interview; completers n=66)b | 33% (16–50%) | 73% (57–89%) | 0.82 | <0.01 |
| 7-day point prevalence abstinence (completers n=66) | 30% (14–47%) | 58% (40–75%) | 0.57 | 0.03 |
| Readiness to quit (completers n=66) | ||||
| Open to quitting | 0% | 0% | 0.89c | 0.01 |
| Like to quit | 12% | 6% | ||
| Planning to quit | 15% | 9% | ||
| Have set a quit date | 40% | 12% | ||
| Have quit | 33% | 73% | ||
| How long ago quit (n=35 who reported point-prevalence abstinence) | ||||
| Less than 1 month | 45% | 29% | 0.33 | 0.35 |
| 1 month or more | 55% | 71% | ||
| Use of NRT (completers n=66) | ||||
| None | 31% | 9% | 0.26d | 0.02 |
| 1 week or less | 38% | 21% | ||
| 2 weeks | 12% | 40% | ||
| More than 2 weeks | 19% | 30% | ||
| 12-week posttest | ||||
| Made a quit attempt | ||||
| Intent-to-treat (n=102) | 63% (49–76%) | 69% (55–82%) | 0.13 | 0.53 |
| Completers (n=68) | 97% (91–100%) | 100% | 0.35 | 0.49 |
| Point-prevalence abstinence (on day of interview)b | ||||
| Intent-to-treat (n=102) | 33% (20–47%) | 55% (41–69%) | 0.45 | 0.03 |
| Completers (n=68) | 52% (34–70%) | 80% (66–94%) | 0.60 | 0.01 |
| 30-day point prevalence abstinence | ||||
| Intent-to-treat (n=102) | 18% (7–28%) | 31% (18–45%) | 0.30 | 0.11 |
| Completers (n=68) | 27% (11–43%) | 46% (28–63%) | 0.40 | 0.12 |
| Continuous abstinence | ||||
| Intent-to-treat (n=102) | 16% (5–26%) | 27% (15–40%) | 0.27 | 0.15 |
| Completers (n=68) | 24% (9–40%) | 40% (23–57%) | 0.35 | 0.17 |
| Readiness to quit (completers n=68) | ||||
| Open to quitting | 6% | 5% | 0.60c | 0.04 |
| Like to quit | 3% | 6% | ||
| Planning to quit | 15% | 3% | ||
| Have set a quit date | 24% | 6% | ||
| Have quit (point-prevalence abstinence) | 52% | 80% | ||
| How long ago quit (n=45 who reported point-prevalence abstinence) | ||||
| Less than 1 month | 29% | 14% | 0.37 | 0.27 |
| 1 month or more | 71% | 86% | ||
| Use of NRT (completers n=68) | ||||
| None | 25% | 6% | 0.06d | 0.07 |
| 1 week or less | 22% | 17% | ||
| 2 weeks | 19% | 40% | ||
| More than 2 weeks | 34% | 37% | ||
Effect size was computed as h=2 arcsin(√p1) − 2 arcsin (√p2).
In some cases, the 95% confidence intervals for the quitting measures overlap, but the difference between conditions is statistically significant. This can occur because confidence intervals are calculated based on the subsample within a condition and are conservative, whereas the statistical test is calculated based on the larger entire sample.72
Effect size on readiness to quit variable was estimated by converting responses to two categories: “have quit” versus all other responses combined.
Effect size on nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) variables was estimated by converting response to two categories: “more than 2 weeks” versus all other responses combined.