Table 1.
Simons Simplex Collection (SSC) Sample Characteristics.
| Females with ASD | Males with ASD | t/X2 | (p) | Cohen’s d | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| M (SD) | M (SD) | ||||
| n | 304 | 2114 | |||
| Age | 9.32 (3.67) | 9.01 (3.56) | 1.42 | (.157) | .06 |
| White non-Hispanic (n, %) | 231 (76.0%) | 1560 (73.8%) | 0.67 | (.415) | .03 |
| SSC family type (quads, n, %) | 248 (81.6%) | 1741 (82.4%) | 0.11 | (.740) | .01 |
| Living with both biological parents (n, %) | 280 (92.1%) | 1956 (92.5%) | 0.25 | (.884) | .02 |
| Number of siblings | 1.38 (0.39) | 1.42 (0.88) | −0.79 | (.432) | −.03 |
| Highest parent education | 5.90 (1.19) | 5.89 (1.22) | 0.23 | (.818) | .01 |
| Family income | 5.90 (2.19) | 5.88 (2.22) | 0.21 | (.831) | .01 |
| Regression (definite language loss, n, %) | 34 (11.2%) | 268 (12.7%) | 0.54 | (.462) | .03 |
| Phrase speech delay (>33 months, n, %) | 109 (35.9%) | 827 (39.1%) | 1.19 | (.275) | .04 |
| Height (z-score) | 0.26 (1.21) | 0.38 (1.14) | −1.71 | (.088) | −.07 |
| Body mass index (z-score) | 0.71 (1.23) | 0.66 (1.40) | 0.61 | (.545) | .02 |
| Diagnostic certainty | 13.00 (2.52) | 13.11 (2.38) | −0.74 | (.460) | −.03 |
| CPEA Diagnosis (n, %) | 0.26 | (.878) | .02 | ||
| Autism | 273 (89.8%) | 1912 (90.4%) | |||
| ASD | 24 (7.9%) | 162 (7.7%) | |||
| Asperger’s disorder | 7 (2.3%) | 40 (1.9%) | |||
Note: Collaborative Programs of Excellence in Autism (CPEA) diagnosis was computed by collapsing the ASD and Asperger’s categories. Highest parent education was ordinally coded from 1=no high school diploma to 7=graduate school degree. Family income was ordinally coded from 1=<$20,000 annually to 9=>$160,000 annually. Diagnostic certainty was ordinally coded from 1=high certainty youth did not have autism to 6=uncertain whether ASD, 10=high certainty of ASD, but not Autism to 15=high certainty youth had autism. The effective range for this sample was from 6 to 15. CPEA diagnostic coding scheme used the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised, and clinician best estimate diagnosis. ASD=Autism Spectrum Disorder.