Table 3. Odds Ratios (OR) for Prostate Cancer Associated with Digoxin Use.
| Digoxin Use | Cases N (%) | Controls N (%) | Age-Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P-value | Multivariate * OR (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ever/Never Use | ||||||
| Never | 984 (98.3) | 917 (97.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Ever | 17 (1.7) | 25 (2.7) | 0.61 (0.33 – 1.14) | 0.12 | 0.58 (0.30 – 1.10) | 0.09 |
| Recency of Use^ | ||||||
| Never | 984 (98.3) | 917 (97.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Past | 4 (0.4) | 5 (0.5) | 0.71 (0.19 – 2.67) | 0.61 | 0.65 (0.17 – 2.48) | 0.53 |
| Current | 13 (1.3) | 18 (1.9) | 0.65 (0.31 – 1.34) | 0.24 | 0.62 (0.29 – 1.30) | 0.20 |
| Duration of Use^ | ||||||
| Never | 984 (98.3) | 917 (97.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| < 4.5 years | 6 (0.6) | 9 (1.0) | 0.61 (0.21 – 1.71) | 0.34 | 0.60 (0.21 – 1.76) | 0.36 |
| ≥ 4.5 years | 7 (0.7) | 8 (0.9) | 0.79 (0.28 – 2.2) | 0.64 | 0.69 (0.24 – 2.00) | 0.50 |
*
Adjusted for age, race, family history of prostate cancer and PSA screening history
^
Excluded participants who did not answer questions on current use or duration of use