Table 2.
Trends in current smoking of King-sized cigarettes among U.S. adults Smokers a, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999/2000 to 2011/2012
| Characteristic | 1999/2000 n=999 % (95% CI) |
2001/2002 n=1171 % (95% CI) |
2003/2004 n=1,131 % (95% CI) |
2005/2006 n=1089 % (95% CI) |
2007/2008 n=1,319 % (95% CI) |
2009/2010 n=1,346 % (95% CI) |
2011/2012 n=1,108 % (95% CI) |
Unadjusted Annual Percentage Change (95% CI) |
Test for Linear trend b p-value |
Test for Quadratic trend b p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 55.0 (49.2–60.9) | 58.5 (53.9–63.0) | 57.7 (54.0–61.4) | 54.3 (49.1–59.6) | 55.2 (49.4–61.1) | 51.4 (46.3–56.4) | 56.2 (50.7–61.8) | −0.6 (−1.6 to 0.5) | 0.792 | - c |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 62.0 (55.3–68.7) | 68.1 (63.5–72.6) | 66.1 (61.8–70.4) | 62.4 (56.5–68.3) | 60.1 (55.5–64.7) | 55.7 (49.4–62.0) | 66.0 (60.7–71.3) | −0.6 (−2.2 to 1.0) | 0.528 | - c |
| Female | 46.9 (40.2–53.5) | 47.7 (42.1–53.3) | 47.7 (41.7–53.8) | 44.4 (37.4–51.3) | 49.2 (39.5–58.8) | 46.6 (40.0–53.2) | 43.4 (33.9–53.0) | −0.4 (−1.3 to 0.6) | 0.820 | - c |
| Marital Status | ||||||||||
| Married/Living with partner | 55.2 (46.5–64.0) | 55.2 (49.1–61.4) | 59.5 (54.6–64.4) | 55.7 (49.3–62.1) | 55.7 (46.2–65.2) | 47.8 (40.2–55.5) | 56.9 (51.0–62.8) | −0.3 (−1.9 to 1.3) | 0.907 | - c |
| Widowed/divorced/separated | 52.9 (44.2–61.6) | 47.6 (38.1–57.2) | 46.1 (38.1–54.1) | 43.8 (34.9–52.8) | 47.2 (39.4–55.0) | 52.5 (44.3–60.6) | 48.4 (39.6–57.2) | −0.1 (−1.9 to 1.7) | 0.480 | - c |
| Never married | 59.5 (50.7–68.2) | 74.7 (70.2–79.2) | 64.6 (56.7–72.5) | 61.6 (53.7–69.5) | 62.8 (53.9–71.7) | 58.5 (53.2–63.7) | 62.0 (52.0–72.0) | −1.9 (−4.2 to 0.3) | 0.472 | - c |
| Age, years | ||||||||||
| 18–24 | 67.9 (55.6–80.2) | 75.7 (70.1–81.2) | 71.8 (63.9–79.7) | 67.7 (58.8–76.5) | 64.5 (52.6–76.4) | 62.0 (52.4–71.6) | 69.9 (57.7–82.2) | −1.4 (−2.9 to 0.2) | 0.224 | - c |
| 25–44 | 59.7 (52.0–67.4) | 63.6 (58.7–68.6) | 65.3 (60.7–69.9) | 61.1 (53.5–68.8) | 57.9 (49.2–66.6) | 56.6 (49.9–63.4) | 61.2 (52.1–70.3) | −0.8 (−2.1 to 0.6) | 0.590 | - c |
| 45–64 | 45.6 (37.3–54.0) | 46.8 (39.6–54.1) | 46.1 (39.0–53.2) | 44.9 (36.5–53.3) | 51.5 (43.3–59.7) | 43.6 (36.4–50.7) | 51.3 (42.8–59.7) | 0.6 (−1.0 to 2.2) | 0.339 | - c |
| ≥65 | 28.0 (18.2–37.8) | 31.0 (21.8–40.1) | 33.1 (20.8–45.5) | 33.3 (21.4–45.3) | 39.9 (32.1–47.6) | 35.0 (21.4–48.7) | 35.8 (18.7–52.8) | 2.9 (0.5–5.3) | 0.793 | - c |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 53.1 (45.8–60.4) | 56.8 (51.4–62.1) | 57.4 (53.0–61.9) | 54.8 (49.1–60.4) | 55.8 (47.6–64.0) | 54.0 (47.0–61.0) | 57.8 (51.1–64.6) | 0.1 (−0.8 to 1.0) | 0.205 | - c |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 59.8 (48.6–71.1) | 59.1 (51.4–66.7) | 48.4 (42.5–54.3) | 57.7 (49.2–66.3) | 54.5 (49.3–59.8) | 54.4 (46.0–62.8) | 43.3 (36.6–50.0) | −1.5 (−4.1 to 1.1) | 0.141 | - c |
| Hispanic | 64.5 (56.1–73.0) | 67.0 (58.1–75.8) | 68.9 (60.4–77.5) | 45.4 (38.1–52.6) | 57.9 (49.3–66.5) | 36.3 (27.4–45.2) | 61.8 (54.4–69.3) | −1.5 (−5.6 to 2.7) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Other race, non-Hispanic | 46.2 (27.0–65.4) | 56.7 (36.2–77.1) | 58.5 (41.9–75.1) | 54.5 (31.4–77.7) | 42.0 (28.6–55.5) | 47.1 (33.7–60.5) | 55.2 (32.1–78.4) | −1.0 (−4.5 to 2.6) | 0.875 | - c |
| School Level | ||||||||||
| <9th grade | 56.8 (40.1–73.5) | 67.8 (55.9–79.7) | 56.4 (46.8–65.9) | 60.0 (46.2–73.9) | 52.5 (38.5–66.4) | 25.0 (15.3–34.6) | 64.5 (51.8–77.3) | −1.2 (−6.9 to 4.8) | 0.008 | 0.006 |
| 9–11 grade | 58.9 (51.7–66.2) | 57.4 (49.1–65.7) | 53.3 (47.7–58.9) | 51.1 (40.9–61.4) | 57.7 (50.4–64.9) | 49.7 (40.6–58.8) | 53.3 (45.3–61.3) | −0.8 (−2.1 to 0.6) | 0.442 | - c |
| High School graduate/GED | 56.6 (49.2–63.9) | 56.7 (47.5–66.0) | 58.9 (54.8–63.0) | 58.7 (49.9–67.4) | 52.0 (43.2–60.8) | 56.0 (49.5–62.5) | 58.3 (46.4–70.2) | −0.3 (−1.4 to 0.8) | 0.896 | - c |
| > High school | 50.3 (41.7–58.8) | 59.2 (51.9–66.4) | 58.8 (52.6–64.9) | 51.7 (46.1–57.4) | 57.0 (48.8–65.1) | 53.5 (46.1–60.8) | 55.5 (47.9–63.2) | −0.2 (−2.0 to 1.6) | 0.325 | - c |
| Body Mass Index | ||||||||||
| Underweight | 50.0 (9.6–90.3) | 62.9 (44.0–81.8) | 55.6 (27.5–83.7) | 43.4 (21.4–65.4) | 55.3 (32.3–78.2) | 44.5 (22.6–66.5) | 64.3 (31.9–96.6) | −1.0 (−5.2 to 3.3) | 0.865 | - c |
| Normal | 55.7 (47.4–64.0) | 60.5 (54.3–66.7) | 57.2 (51.9–62.5) | 60.7 (53.5–67.9) | 58.0 (49.8–66.2) | 55.1 (46.3–63.9) | 57.6 (49.6–65.6) | −0.2 (−1.2 to 0.9) | 0.410 | - c |
| Overweight | 54.9 (48.5–61.2) | 63.6 (56.6–70.5) | 61.9 (55.5–68.4) | 53.7 (44.7–62.7) | 50.4 (42.1–58.7) | 56.8 (46.1–67.5) | 56.7 (48.9–64.6) | −0.6 (−2.6 to 1.5) | 0.481 | - c |
| Obese | 52.7 (43.5–61.9) | 49.6 (41.3–57.9) | 56.0 (48.8–63.3) | 48.2 (37.5–59.0) | 59.3 (53.1–65.6) | 42.1 (35.6–48.6) | 53.5 (44.7–62.3) | −0.3 (−3.6 to 3.2) | 0.464 | - c |
Note: n=unweighted number, CI=Confidence Interval, GED= General Education Development certificate.
a
The denominator for all analyses was current cigarette smokers aged ≥20 years (i.e. respondents who reported that they had smoked at least 100 cigarettes during their lifetime, and smoked daily or on some days at the time of the survey).
b
Assessed in a binary logistic regression model that adjusted for all factors listed in table.
c
Quadratic trend not assessed because of a non-significant linear trend.