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Cancers associated with infection and inflammation.
| Infection/inflammation | Cancer | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Helicobacter pylori | Gastric cancer | [128] |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | Colorectal cancer | [129] |
| Hepatitis B/C virus | Hepatocellular carcinoma | [130] |
| Prostatitis | Prostate cancer | [131] |
| Pancreatitis | Pancreatic cancer | [132] |
| Human papillomavirus | Cervical cancer | [133] |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Lung cancer | [134] |
| Schistosoma haematobium | Bladder cancer | [116] |
