Table 2.

Genetic variants under positive selection affecting obesity traits

Trait	Gene(s)	Positive selection measure	Environmental factora	Reference
Obesity, BMI	NEGR1	Tajima D, Fst		[46–49]
	MTCH2	Tajima D, Fst		[47–50]
	TMEM18	Fay and Wu H		[47,51]
	LIPE	Fay and Wu H, Tajima D	Physical activity	[52]
	WDTC1	Fay and Wu H	Monounsaturated fat	[53•]
	Chr1: rs3934834	Tajima D		[51]
	LPP	Fay and Wu H		[51]
	APOA2	iHS	Saturated fat	[54••]
Obesity, waist circumference	CDH12	iHS, Fay and Wu H, Tajima D, Fst		[55]
	NEGR1	Tajima D, Fst		[50]
	CLOCK	iHS	Saturated fat	[56•]
Obesity, weight	Chr1: rs1973993	Tajima D		[46]
	NEGR1	Tajima D		[46]
	DUPD1	Tajima D		[51]
	LPP	Fay and Wu H		[51]
Obesity, risk	ADAM17	iHS, Fay and Wu H, Tajima D, Fst	n-6 polyunsaturated fat	[57]
Obesity, extreme	FBN2	iHS, Fay and Wu H, Tajima D		[58]

Genes and genetic variants reported over the past 2 years as associating with measures of obesity and observed to be under putative positive selection are listed. When the genotype–phenotype association is reported to be modified by an environmental or dietary factor, that factor is also listed. GWAS, genome-wide association studies; iHS, integrated haplotype score; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism.

^aEnvironmental factor modifying the SNP–phenotype association; for GWAS, this was not tested.