Figure 3.

Apoptosis of MH-S cells induced by RuBpy-doped NPs determined by Vybrant assay. (A) 0.2 mg/mL RuBpy-doped NPs were added to the cells. Cells treated with PBS and H₂O₂ used as a negative and a positive control. After 6 h irradiation, the YO-PO-1 dye showed the apoptosis cells (indicated with an arrow). The fluorescence signals were visualized by a confocal microscope. Objective 63X, excitation wavelength 488 nm. (B) No aggregates were formed after 1 h incubation in RPMI1640 culture medium containing 10% serum assessed by SEM. The size of NPs was 50±3 nm in diameter.