Table 2.
Results of repeated measures analysis of variance on temporal changes in primary benthic attributes (% live coral cover and rugosity), and major fish groups, within and between management zones of the Keppel Island group.
| Dependent variable | Factor(df) | F | P | Dependent variable | Factor(df) | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % Live hard coral cover | Year(4,320) | 58.2 | <0.001 | Corallivores | Year(4,320) | 43.7 | <0.001 |
| Zone(2,80) | 28.9 | <0.001 | Zone(2,80) | 61.7 | <0.001 | ||
| Site (Zone)(17,80) | 9.6 | <0.001 | Site (Zone)(17,80) | 12.7 | <0.001 | ||
| Year × Zone(8,320) | 9.7 | <0.001 | Year × Zone(8,320) | 4.9 | <0.001 | ||
| Year × Site(68,320) | 4.13 | <0.001 | Year × Site(68,320) | 5.8 | <0.001 | ||
| Rugosity Index | Year(4,320) | 70.7 | <0.001 | Omnivorous pomacentrids | Year(4,320) | 18.0 | <0.001 |
| Zone(2,80) | 47.1 | <0.001 | Zone(2,80) | 4.7 | <0.05 | ||
| Site (Zone)(17,80) | 19.6 | <0.001 | Site (Zone)(17,80) | 5.8 | <0.001 | ||
| Year × Zone(8,320) | 11.7 | <0.001 | Year × Zone(8,320) | 3.8 | <0.001 | ||
| Year × Site(68,320) | 7.6 | <0.001 | Year × Site(68,320) | 3.5 | <0.001 | ||
| Fish species richness | Year(4,320) | 40.9 | <0.001 | Planktivorous pomacentrids | Year(4,320) | 19.9 | <0.001 |
| Zone(2,80) | 14.5 | <0.001 | Zone(2,80) | 0.7 | 0.50 | ||
| Site (Zone)(17,80) | 3.8 | <0.001 | Site (Zone)(17,80) | 9.9 | <0.001 | ||
| Year × Zone(8,320) | 2.9 | <0.01 | Year × Zone(8,320) | 3.1 | <0.01 | ||
| Year × Site(68,320) | 2.1 | <0.001 | Year × Site(68,320) | 3.7 | <0.001 | ||
| Total Fish density | Year(4,320) | 35.5 | <0.001 | Territorial pomacentrids | Year(4,320) | 21.8 | <0.001 |
| Zone(2,80) | 0.4 | 0.650 | Zone(2,80) | 48.2 | <0.001 | ||
| Site (Zone)(17,80) | 10.2 | <0.001 | Site (Zone)(17,80) | 8.9 | <0.001 | ||
| Year × Zone(8,320) | 3.0 | <0.01 | Year × Zone(8,320) | 7.0 | <0.001 | ||
| Year × Site(68,320) | 5.0 | <0.001 | Year × Site(68,320) | 7.9 | <0.001 | ||
| Benthic carnivores | Year(4,320) | 39.9 | <0.001 | Intermediate predators | Year(4,320) | 2.3 | 0.06 |
| Zone(2,80) | 4.2 | <0.05 | Zone(2,80) | 1.2 | 0.29 | ||
| Site (Zone)(17,80) | 6.3 | <0.001 | Site (Zone)(17,80) | 2.7 | <0.05 | ||
| Year × Zone(8,320) | 6.3 | <0.001 | Year × Zone(8,320) | 0.2 | 0.99 | ||
| Year × Site(68,320) | 6.6 | <0.001 | Year × Site(68,320) | 0.5 | 0.99 | ||
| Detritivores | Year(4,320) | 25.2 | <0.001 | Large Predators | Year(4,320) | 18.3 | <0.001 |
| Zone(2,80) | 15.6 | <0.001 | Zone(2,80) | 65.9 | <0.001 | ||
| Site (Zone)(17,80) | 7.9 | <0.001 | Site (Zone)(17,80) | 18.7 | <0.001 | ||
| Year × Zone(8,320) | 4.0 | <0.001 | Year × Zone(8,320) | 1.6 | 0.12 | ||
| Year × Site(68,320) | 5.4 | <0.001 | Year × Site(68,320) | 1.8 | <0.001 | ||
| Grazers | Year(4,320) | 29.5 | <0.001 | Plectropomus spp. | Year(4,320) | 19.5 | <0.001 |
| Zone(2,80) | 4.2 | <0.05 | Zone(2,80) | 75.1 | <0.001 | ||
| Site (Zone)(17,80) | 3.8 | <0.001 | Site (Zone)(17,80) | 21.2 | <0.001 | ||
| Year × Zone(8,320) | 3.5 | <0.001 | Year × Zone(8,320) | 2.1 | <0.05 | ||
| Year × Site(68,320) | 3.5 | <0.001 | Year × Site(68,320) | 1.9 | <0.001 |