Figure 2.

Vaccine protection against otitis media and sinusitis. Mice (n = 25–31 per group, performed at least twice for each group) were mock-vaccinated with PBS (Mock) or vaccinated with live attenuated vaccines deleted for caxP or ftsY on either a type 2 (D39ΔcaxP, D39ΔftsY) or type 19F (BNH97ΔcaxP, BNH97ΔftsY) background. Mice were challenged with a bioluminescent S. pneumoniae strain BNH97X (type 19F) and imaged twice daily for development of AOM or sinusitis.

A  The proportion of mice developing an infection of the ear or sinus by Xenogen imaging. * = p < 0.05 by Chi-squared test compared to the mock vaccinated group. PPV23 was used as a negative control (60% otitis and 80% sinusitis). Errors bars represent standard error of the mean.

B, C  Representative pictures from bioluminescent imaging of mice with (B) AOM and (C) both AOM and sinusitis are shown.

D–I  Representative histopathology at 4× (top row) and 40× (bottom row) of (D, G) a normal ear, (E, H) a mouse with mild AOM and (F, I) a mouse with marked AOM are shown. Data representative of at least 25 mice per group, performed in duplicate.