FIG. 4.

Cell adhesion to a 3D scaffold under gravity for 1 h. Photomicrograph of upright 1 mL syringe containing scaffold granules seeded with cells in 200 μL of shipment buffer after 1 h. (A) The solid and liquid phases were co-analyzed for n=3 donors in each of the four shipment buffers to determine (B) the percentage of viable (shaded columns) or nonviable (unshaded columns) nonadherent cells in the supernatant and (C) the scaffold cell adhesion score (*p, **p, ^§p<0.05). (D–I) Representative photomicrographs comparing (D) unstained scaffold; (E) crystal violet stained scaffold; (F-I) scaffolds stained after 1 h to show attachment of cells that had been kept for 18 h at 4°C in shipment buffers consisting of (F) MM; (G) saline with 4% HSA#1; and (H) saline with 4% HSA#2, (I) NS. (D-I) Scale bar=100 μm. Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/tec