Table 2.

Validity and reliability data of DTS and bCAM in older emergency department patients.

		TP	FN	TN	FP	Sensitivity (95%CI)	Specificity (95%CI)	PLR (95%CI)	NLR (95%CI)
DTS	Physician	49	1	195	161	98.0% (89.5% – 99.5%)	54.8% (49.6% – 59.9%)	2.17 (1.92 – 2.45)	0.04 (0.01 – 0.25)
	RA	49	1	200	156	98.0% (89.5% – 99.5%)	56.2% (51.0% – 61.3%)	2.24 (1.98 – 2.53)	0.04 (0.01 – 0.25)
	% Concordance between Physician and RA = 89.4% (95%CI: 86.0% – 92.0%) Kappa = 0.79 (95%CI: 0.73 – 0.85)
bCAM	Physician	42	8	341	15	84.0% (71.5% – 91.7%)	95.8% (93.2% – 97.4%)	19.94 (11.97 – 33.19)	0.17 (0.09 – 0.32)
	RA	39	11	345	11	78.0% (64.8% – 87.2%)	96.9% (94.6% – 98.3%)	25.24 (13.85 – 46.00)	0.23 (0.14 – 0.38)
	% Concordance between Physician and RA = 97.3% (95%CI: 95.2% – 98.5%) Kappa = 0.88 (95%CI: 0.81 – 0.95)
Combined	RA DTS + Physician bCAM	42	8	341	15	84.0% (71.5% – 91.7%)	95.8% (93.2% – 97.4%)	19.94 (11.97 – 33.19)	0.17 (0.09 – 0.32)
	RA DTS + RA bCAM	39	11	346	10	78.0% (64.8% – 87.2%)	97.2% (94.9% – 98.5%)	27.77 (14.81 – 52.06)	0.23 (0.13 – 0.38)
	Physician DTS + Physician bCAM	41	9	341	15	82.0% (69.2% – 90.2%)	95.8% (93.2% – 97.4%)	19.46 (11.66 – 32.48)	0.19 (0.10 – 0.34)

The Delirium Triage Screen (DTS) and Brief Confusion Assessment Method (bCAM) were performed by the physician and research assistants (RA) in older emergency department patients. Sensitivities, specificities, positive likelihood ratios (PLR) and negative likelihood ratios (NLR) are reported with their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for the DTS, bCAM and the combined approach. The reference standard for delirium was a psychiatrist assessment using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision criteria.

Abbreviations: TP, true positive; FN, false negative; TN, true negative; FP, false positive.