Scheme 1.
Kinetic mechanism for random-ordered binding of substrate and O2. The rate constants k5 and k4′ refer to the C–H bond cleavage step and release of bound tyramine, respectively. The rate constant k7 is a lumped constant that contains the rate constant for enzyme reduction/recycling by ascorbate, the loss of product and long-range ET, kET. E represents enzyme that is reduced at Cu, whereas E′ is oxidized.