Prolonged increase in myosin activity is sufficient and necessary for cilium loss. (A) Confluent LLC-PK1 cells were transfected with the constitutively active Myc-tagged (DD) MLC II in serum-free medium and stained 24 h later for Myc and Ac-tub. (B) The presence of the cilium was quantified in DD-MLC–expressing cells and their nontransfected neighbors on the same coverslip (mean ± SEM, n = 3, 25 cells/condition). (C) LLC-PK1 cells were transfected with nonrelated (NR) or myosin heavy chain II (MHC II)–specific siRNA, grown to confluence, treated as indicated for 48 h, and then stained for Ac-tub. MHC II knockdown was verified by Western blotting. (D) Ciliation percentage was quantified (mean ± SEM, n = 3, ∼150 cells/experiment). (E) LLC-PK1 cells were transfected with siRNAs against MRTF A and MRTF B or NR siRNA. After reaching confluence, cells were treated as shown for 48 h and then subjected to Western blotting for the indicated proteins. (F) LLC-PK1 cells treated as in E were stained for Ac-Tub. (G) Ciliation percentage for E was quantified (mean ± SEM, n = 3, ≈150 cells/experiment).