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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Prog Neurobiol. 2014 Jan 2;0:58–83. doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.11.005

Figure 1. Preconditioning paradigms in different animal and cellular models of brain injury.

Figure 1

Several kind of preconditioning stimuli, including neurotoxins, thrombin, EPCG, exercise and HSP inducers, have been reported to establish preconditioning against PD or stroke models. Commonly used PD models for preconditioning studies include 6-OHDA or MPTP-lesioned rodents and 6-OHDA-treated dopaminergic cells. Low-dose endotoxin LPS treatment was also applied to establish preconditioning in an in vitro PD model. The major animal models of stroke models used to study preconditioning include focal and global ischemia in adult rodents, and neonatal hypoxia/ischemia.