Table 1. Predictions for Personality and a Function of Changing Context.

	Nettle (2007) [11]		Widiger and Mullins-Sweatt (2009) [28]
	Costs	Benefits	Abnormally High	Normally High
S	Exposure to physical risks	Social allies and environmental exploration	Foolhardy, reckless, manic	Affectionate, energetic, adventurous
Low ES	Negative response to stress, susceptibility to depression	Vigilance to danger, competitiveness	Fearful, depressed	Vigilant, wary, vulnerable
I	Psychosis proneness, unusual beliefs	Creativity (enhancing attractiveness)	Bizarre interests, lives in fantasy, eccentric	Imaginative, creative, curious
A	Subject to cheating	Attention to others mental states	Gullible, docile, meek	Empathic, trusting, cooperative
C	Obsessionality, rigidity	Attention to long term fitness benefits	Perfectionist, single-minded doggedness	Efficient, organized, purposeful. ambitious

Note. S = Surgency, ES = Emotional Stability, I = Intellect, A = Agreeableness and C = Conscientiousness. The schema for costs and benefits is derived from Table 1 in Nettle (2007) [11] and Figure 1 in Widiger and Mullins-Sweatt [29]. McCrae and Costa [60] also present characteristic of low and high scorers on each Big 5 trait, but the above scheme subsumes their characteristics of each trait at the high end of that trait.