Table 3. Multivariate conditional logistic regression for the relationship between plasma fatty acid concentrations and overall cancer risk1.
| Plasma fatty acids | All (ncases = 250 and ncontrols = 250) | Placebo group (ncases = 135 and ncontrols = 135) | Intervention group (ncases = 115 and ncontrols = 115) | ||||||||||||
| OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | |||||||||||||
| Q1 (ref) | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P trend | Q1 (ref) | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P trend | Q1 (ref) | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P trend | |
| Total SFAs | 1 | 0.96 (0.58–1.61) | 0.68 (0.41–1.14) | 0.73 (0.44–1.22) | 0.1 | 1 | 0.79 (0.39–1.63) | 0.58 (0.27–1.26) | 0.35 (0.16–0.78) | 0.01 | 1 | 1.22 (0.52–2.86) | 0.99 (0.44–2.23) | 1.93 (0.85–4.39) | 0.2 |
| 14:0 (myristic acid) | 1 | 1.27 (0.76–2.10) | 0.80 (0.49–1.33) | 0.80 (0.47–1.37) | 0.2 | 1 | 1.13 (0.56–2.27) | 0.79 (0.37–1.70) | 0.49 (0.22–1.08) | 0.05 | 1 | 1.75 (0.75–4.09) | 0.85 (0.41–1.74) | 1.78 (0.76–4.17) | 0.6 |
| 16:0 (palmitic acid) | 1 | 1.17 (0.70–1.95) | 0.63 (0.37–1.07) | 0.78 (0.45–1.34) | 0.1 | 1 | 0.99 (0.48–2.06) | 0.65 (0.30–1.40) | 0.28 (0.11–0.69) | 0.004 | 1 | 1.40 (0.59–3.27) | 0.68 (0.28–1.63) | 2.49 (1.02–6.04) | 0.1 |
| 18:0 (stearic acid) | 1 | 0.98 (0.59–1.65) | 0.78 (0.45–1.35) | 1.05 (0.62–1.77) | 1.0 | 1 | 0.96 (0.45–2.04) | 0.38 (0.18–0.84) | 0.76 (0.36–1.58) | 0.2 | 1 | 1.20 (0.53–2.76) | 1.65 (0.64–4.25) | 2.04 (0.85–4.86) | 0.07 |
| 20:0 (arachidic acid) | 1 | 0.74 (0.42–1.31) | 0.84 (0.48–1.49) | 0.83 (0.47–1.46) | 0.8 | 1 | 0.84 (0.39–1.84) | 1.18 (0.52–2.66) | 0.91 (0.39–2.11) | 1.0 | 1 | 0.67 (0.26–1.72) | 0.64 (0.28–1.47) | 0.84 (0.36–1.95) | 0.8 |
| Total MUFAs (cis) | 1 | 1.10 (0.64–1.87) | 0.66 (0.38–1.15) | 0.97 (0.54–1.71) | 0.5 | 1 | 1.20 (0.57–2.51) | 0.80 (0.36–1.76) | 0.91 (0.39–2.12) | 0.5 | 1 | 1.14 (0.47–2.74) | 0.72 (0.30–1.70) | 1.26 (0.54–2.95) | 0.8 |
| 16:1 n-7 (palmitoleic acid) | 1 | 0.91 (0.53–1.56) | 0.59 (0.34–1.02) | 0.55 (0.30–1.01) | 0.02 | 1 | 0.48 (0.21–1.13) | 0.33 (0.14–0.77) | 0.27 (0.11–0.67) | 0.004 | 1 | 1.91 (0.83–4.40) | 1.11 (0.49–2.51) | 1.35 (0.52–3.52) | 0.8 |
| 18:1 n-7 cis (vaccenic acid) | 1 | 0.86 (0.51–1.44) | 1.41 (0.84–2.35) | 0.88 (0.51–1.51) | 0.9 | 1 | 0.85 (0.40–1.80) | 1.80 (0.85–3.83) | 1.16 (0.52–2.58) | 0.3 | 1 | 0.99 (0.45–2.19) | 1.18 (0.55–2.50) | 0.65 (0.28–1.51) | 0.5 |
| 18:1 n-9 (oleic acid) | 1 | 0.98 (0.59–1.65) | 0.60 (0.34–1.07) | 1.13 (0.63–2.02) | 0.8 | 1 | 0.87 (0.42–1.81) | 0.59 (0.26–1.34) | 0.94 (0.41–2.20) | 0.7 | 1 | 1.28 (0.57–2.88) | 0.66 (0.27–1.62) | 1.74 (0.71–4.23) | 0.6 |
| Total n-6 PUFAs | 1 | 1.20 (0.71–2.04) | 1.51 (0.85–2.67) | 1.46 (0.85–2.52) | 0.1 | 1 | 1.43 (0.66–3.06) | 2.24 (1.02–4.95) | 2.03 (0.90–4.62) | 0.06 | 1 | 1.10 (0.48–2.55) | 1.24 (0.46–3.36) | 0.76 (0.32–1.76) | 0.6 |
| 18:2 n-6 (linoleic acid) | 1 | 1.41 (0.83–2.38) | 2.12 (1.20–3.75) | 1.91 (1.06–3.43) | 0.02 | 1 | 1.26 (0.56–2.80) | 2.87 (1.21–6.80) | 2.26 (0.91–5.62) | 0.02 | 1 | 2.10 (0.87–5.04) | 1.94 (0.82–4.59) | 1.09 (0.44–2.74) | 0.8 |
| 18:3 n-6 (γ-linolenic acid) | 1 | 0.85 (0.49–1.45) | 0.98 (0.57–1.70) | 0.56 (0.32–0.98) | 0.08 | 1 | 0.42 (0.19–0.95) | 0.46 (0.21–1.01) | 0.20 (0.08–0.50) | 0.001 | 1 | 1.41 (0.58–3.47) | 2.27 (0.89–5.79) | 1.26 (0.54–2.93) | 0.5 |
| 20:2 n-6 (eicosadienoic acid) | 1 | 1.23 (0.74–2.04) | 1.19 (0.69–2.08) | 1.31 (0.77–2.23) | 0.4 | 1 | 1.03 (0.52–2.03) | 1.49 (0.70–3.17) | 1.67 (0.78–3.57) | 0.1 | 1 | 1.46 (0.63–3.36) | 0.81 (0.31–2.07) | 0.92 (0.40–2.14) | 0.6 |
| 20:3 n-6 (dihomo-γ-linolenic acid) | 1 | 0.92 (0.54–1.58) | 0.52 (0.31–0.88) | 0.49 (0.28–0.85) | 0.002 | 1 | 0.74 (0.34–1.58) | 0.47 (0.23–0.96) | 0.43 (0.20–0.93) | 0.02 | 1 | 1.35 (0.57–3.17) | 0.54 (0.23–1.26) | 0.71 (0.30–1.68) | 0.2 |
| 20:4 n-6 (arachidonic acid) | 1 | 1.05 (0.62–1.78) | 0.92 (0.53–1.59) | 0.79 (0.46–1.37) | 0.3 | 1 | 0.95 (0.47–1.94) | 0.95 (0.46–1.97) | 0.81 (0.39–1.71) | 0.6 | 1 | 1.27 (0.53–3.09) | 0.78 (0.29–2.07) | 0.70 (0.29–1.70) | 0.3 |
| 22:4 n-6 (docosatetraenoic acid) | 1 | 1.26 (0.72–2.20) | 1.00 (0.59–1.69) | 0.99 (0.58–1.73) | 0.8 | 1 | 1.14 (0.56–2.34) | 0.76 (0.37–1.57) | 1.01 (0.48–2.12) | 0.7 | 1 | 1.93 (0.70–5.34) | 1.43 (0.61–3.35) | 1.09 (0.43–2.77) | 1.0 |
| Total n-3 PUFAs | 1 | 0.66 (0.38–1.13) | 0.90 (0.53–1.54) | 0.97 (0.57–1.65) | 0.8 | 1 | 0.85 (0.40–1.79) | 1.02 (0.50–2.08) | 1.56 (0.73–2.35) | 0.2 | 1 | 0.53 (0.22–1.30) | 0.77 (0.31–1.90) | 0.60 (0.25–1.45) | 0.3 |
| 18:3 n-3 ( α-linolenic acid) | 1 | 1.27 (0.74–2.20) | 1.26 (0.71–2.24) | 1.25 (0.73–2.13) | 0.5 | 1 | 1.10 (0.49–2.45) | 1.77 (0.78–4.02) | 1.06 (0.50–2.27) | 0.8 | 1 | 1.36 (0.59–3.13) | 0.81 (0.33–1.97) | 1.55 (0.64–3.74) | 0.6 |
| 20:5 n-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid) | 1 | 1.04 (0.63–1.71) | 0.54 (0.31–0.93) | 1.19 (0.71–2.01) | 0.9 | 1 | 1.31 (0.64–2.70) | 0.41 (0.19–0.88) | 1.75 (0.85–3.58) | 0.7 | 1 | 0.90 (0.41–1.95) | 0.63 (0.26–1.57) | 0.85 (0.36–2.01) | 0.6 |
| 22:5 n-3 (docosapentaenoic acid) | 1 | 0.63 (0.38–1.06) | 0.70 (0.42–1.16) | 0.95 (0.57–1.58) | 0.9 | 1 | 0.89 (0.45–1.74) | 0.63 (0.29–1.34) | 1.42 (0.68–2.96) | 0.5 | 1 | 0.40 (0.16–0.98) | 0.65 (0.30–1.41) | 0.57 (0.25–1.28) | 0.4 |
| 22:6 n-3 (docosahexaenoic acid) | 1 | 0.96 (0.57–1.62) | 1.13 (0.69–1.84) | 1.04 (0.61–1.78) | 0.7 | 1 | 1.46 (0.68–3.14) | 1.32 (0.69–2.52) | 1.76 (0.84–3.70) | 0.2 | 1 | 0.59 (0.26–1.36) | 0.86 (0.36–2.02) | 0.53 (0.21–1.34) | 0.3 |
| n-9 PUFAs | |||||||||||||||
| 20:3 n-9 (mead acid) | 1 | 0.66 (0.39–1.13) | 0.44 (0.24–0.78) | 0.35 (0.19–0.65) | 0.0004 | 1 | 0.39 (0.18–0.87) | 0.34 (0.15–0.78) | 0.18 (0.07–0.45) | 0.0005 | 1 | 1.21 (0.53–2.77) | 0.55 (0.21–1.44) | 0.86 (0.34–2.16) | 0.4 |
| Total PUFAs | 1 | 1.21 (0.70–2.08) | 1.34 (0.78–2.28) | 1.60 (0.92–2.79) | 0.09 | 1 | 2.09 (0.95–4.61) | 2.79 (1.26–6.21) | 2.88 (1.20–6.92) | 0.02 | 1 | 0.63 (0.26–1.54) | 0.61 (0.25–1.48) | 0.69 (0.29–1.66) | 0.5 |
| Ratios | |||||||||||||||
| n-3/n-6 PUFAs | 1 | 0.91 (0.52–1.58) | 0.95 (0.56–1.60) | 1.18 (0.67–2.08) | 0.5 | 1 | 1.11 (0.52–2.37) | 1.08 (0.55–2.13) | 1.71 (0.80–3.69) | 0.2 | 1 | 0.78 (0.31–1.98) | 0.90 (0.35–2.27) | 0.88 (0.34–2.27) | 0.9 |
| 20:4 n-6/20:3 n-6 | 1 | 1.32 (0.78–2.22) | 1.65 (0.93–2.92) | 1.90 (1.09–3.30) | 0.02 | 1 | 1.82 (0.92–3.63) | 1.99 (0.89–4.45) | 1.95 (0.91–4.19) | 0.1 | 1 | 0.56 (0.22–1.42) | 1.01 (0.41–2.50) | 1.37 (0.55–3.40) | 0.3 |
| 20:3 n-6/18:2n-6 | 1 | 1.20 (0.68–2.09) | 0.60 (0.34–1.05) | 0.46 (0.25–0.85) | 0.001 | 1 | 0.79 (0.34–1.84) | 0.43 (0.19–0.98) | 0.29 (0.11–0.77) | 0.003 | 1 | 1.51 (0.66–3.47) | 0.77 (0.33–1.83) | 0.78 (0.32–1.88) | 0.3 |
| 18:1n-9/18:0 | 1 | 0.90 (0.52–1.55) | 0.90 (0.53–1.54) | 1.19 (0.69–2.06) | 0.6 | 1 | 0.94 (0.44–2.01) | 0.86 (0.39–1.88) | 1.42 (0.64–3.17) | 0.4 | 1 | 0.94 (0.40–2.20) | 1.05 (0.47–2.36) | 1.15 (0.50–2.64) | 0.7 |
1
Adjusted for gender, age, intervention group (except in the models stratified on this variable), body mass index, height, smoking status, physical activity, alcohol intake, educational level and family history of cancer.