Table 3.
Examination of the effect of fluoride level in drinking water on osteosarcoma incidence: comparison of fluoride models and test results
|
Model |
dfb | deviance | AICc |
Difference in: |
Coefficient (with 90% confidence interval) | Relative risk (with 90% confidence interval) | Likelihood ratio: | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Numbera | Comparison | df | deviance | P-value | |||||||
| 1 | d | 175665 | 17940·9 | 24754·8 | 1 | 0·000 | 0·001 (−0·138,0·141) | 1.001 (0.871,1.151) | 0·987 | ||
| 2 | e | 175667 | 17976·3 | 24786·2 | 1 | 0·006 | −0·006 (−0·145,0·133) | 0·994 (0·865,1·142) | 0·940 | ||
| 3f | d | 175662 | 17936·5 | 24756·4 | 4 | 4·368 | (a) | −0·122 (−0·227,−0·016) | (a) | 0·885 (0·797,0·984) | 0·359 |
| (b) | −0·097 (−0·202,0·009) | (b) | 0·908 (0·817,1·009) | ||||||||
| (c) | −0·056 (−0·160,0·048) | (c) | 0·946 (0·853,1·049) | ||||||||
| (d) | −0·042 (−0·146,0·061) | (d) | 0·958 (0·864,1·063) | ||||||||
| 4 | d | 175665 | 17940·6 | 24754·5 | 1 | 0·273 | 0·026 (−0·056,0·108) | 1·026 (0·946,1·114) | 0·602 | ||
| 5 | d | 175665 | 17940·8 | 24754·7 | 1 | 0·114 | −0·024 (−0·140,0·093) | 0·976 (0·869,1·097) | 0·736 | ||
| 6f | e | 175664 | 17973·3 | 24789·1 | 4 | 3·051 | (a) | −0·102 (−0·207,0·004) | (a) | 0·903 (0·813,1·004) | 0·549 |
| (b) | −0·038 (−0·142,0·067) | (b) | 0·963 (0·867,1·069) | ||||||||
| (c) | −0·058 (−0·161,0·046) | (c) | 0·944 (0·851,1·047) | ||||||||
| (d) | −0·016 (−0·119,0·088) | (d) | 0·984 (0·888,1·092) | ||||||||
| 7 | e | 175667 | 17975·9 | 24785·8 | 1 | 0·440 | 0·033 (−0·049,0·115) | 1·034 (0·952,1·122) | 0·507 | ||
| 8 | e | 175667 | 17975·9 | 24785·8 | 1 | 0·367 | −0·043 (−0·159,0·074) | 0·958 (0·853,1·076) | 0·545 | ||
| 9 | g | 175667 | 8669·8 | 11462·7 | 1 | 3·425 | −0·193 (−0·421,0·036) | 0·825 (0·656,1·036) | 0·064 | ||
| 10 | h | 175665 | 6587·3 | 8606·0 | 1 | 0·965 | 0·148 (−0·097,0·393) | 1·160 (0·908,1·482) | 0·326 | ||
| 11 | i | 117108 | 6439·1 | 8603·9 | 1 | 1·656 | 0·197 (−0·051,0·445) | 1·218 (0·951,1·560) | 0·198 | ||
| 12 | d | 175665 | 17940·9 | 24754·7 | 1 | 0·024 | −0·013 (−0·150,0·124) | 0·987 (0·860,1·132) | 0·876 | ||
| 13 | d | 175665 | 17940·8 | 24754·7 | 1 | 0·066 | −0·021 (−0·158,0·115) | 0·979 (0·854,1·122) | 0·798 | ||
| 14 | d | 175665 | 17940·9 | 24754·8 | 1 | 0·010 | −0·008 (−0·141,0·125) | 0·992 (0·868,1·133) | 0·921 | ||
| 15 | d | 175665 | 17940·9 | 24754·7 | 1 | 0·021 | 0·011 (−0·118,0·141) | 1·011 (0·889,1·151) | 0·885 | ||
| 16 | d | 175665 | 17940·8 | 24754·7 | 1 | 0·030 | 0·013 (−0·106,0·131) | 1·013 (0·899,1·140) | 0·862 | ||
| 17 | d | 175665 | 17940·9 | 24754·8 | 1 | 0·006 | 0·006 (−0·131,0·143) | 1·006 (0·877,1·154) | 0·941 | ||
| 18 | d | 175665 | 17940·9 | 24754·7 | 1 | 0·017 | 0·011 (−0·126,0·148) | 1·011 (0·881,1·160) | 0·896 | ||
| 19 | d | 175665 | 17940·9 | 24754·8 | 1 | 0·005 | −0·006 (−0·143,0·132) | 0·994 (0·866,1·141) | 0·947 | ||
| 20 | d | 175665 | 17940·9 | 24754·8 | 1 | 0·002 | 0·004 (−0·134,0·141) | 1·004 (0·875,1·152) | 0·963 | ||
| 21 | d | 175665 | 17940·9 | 24754·8 | 1 | 0·000 | 0·001 (−0·136,0·139) | 1·001 (0·873,1·149) | 0·986 | ||
| 22 | j | 148137 | 14904·9 | 20527·2 | 1 | 1·090 | 0·156 (−0·086,0·397) | 1·168 (0·917,1·488) | 0·297 | ||
| 23 | g | 175667 | 8669·8 | 11400·8 | 1 | 3·425 | −0·189 (−0·361,−0·017) | 0·828 (0·697,0·983) | 0·064 | ||
| h | 175665 | 6588·1 | 8606·8 | 1 | 0·160 | 0·045 (−0·139,0·229) | 1·046 (0·870,1·257) | 0·689 | |||
| i | 117108 | 6437·5 | 8603·9 | 1 | 3·216 | 0·197 (0·020,0·373) | 1·218 (1·021,1·452) | 0·073 | |||
aPlease see Table 2a–c for model description.
bDegree of freedom.
cAkaike Information Criterion
dCompared with the non-fluoride model that contained age-group, gender, gender*age-group, Townsend & Townsend*female—cohort includes all cases in GB for the whole of the study period.
eCompared with the non-fluoride model that contained age-group, gender, gender*age-group—cohort includes all cases in GB for the whole of the study period.
fCoefficients and relative risks are reported for quintiles (a) 2, (b) 3, (c) 4 and (d) 5.
gCompared with the non-fluoride model that contained age-group, gender, unemployment—cohort is restricted to include cases born before 1970.
hCompared with the non-fluoride model that contained age-group, gender, gender*age-group, non-home ownership, non-home ownership *age-group—cohort is restricted to include cases born between 1970 and 1979.
iCompared with the non-fluoride model that contained age-group, gender, gender*age-group, unemployment, unemployment*age-group—cohort is restricted to include cases born 1980 or later.