Table 3.
Characteristics of participating women stratified by presence of HTGW components**
| Characteristic | Without HTGW n = 168 | Elevated TG n = 57 | Elevated WC n = 117 | HTGW n = 70 | Overall significance ( p ) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) |
48.1 ± 8.8 |
47.6 ± 9.7 |
47.3 ± 8.6 |
46.9 ± 8.8 |
0.795 |
| Ethnicity |
|
|
|
|
< 0.001 |
| Aboriginal |
19 (11.3%) |
12 (21.1%) |
46 (39.3%) |
21 (30.0%) |
|
| Chinese |
61 (36.3%) |
21 (36.8%) |
24 (20.5%) |
9 (12.9%) |
|
| European |
43 (25.6%) |
6 (10.5%) |
27 (23.1%) |
21 (30.0%) |
|
| South Asian |
45 (26.8%) |
18 (31.6%) |
20 (17.1%) |
19 (27.1%) |
|
| Current smoker |
7 (4.2%) |
4 (7.0%) |
10 (8.5%) |
14 (20.0%) |
0.001 |
| Family history of CVD present (%) |
79 (47.0%) |
25 (43.9%) |
48 (41.0%) |
31 (44.3%) |
0.798 |
| Physical activity (min/week)*† |
214 (183, 252) |
197 (148, 260) |
178 (147, 216) |
162 (127, 208) |
0.124 |
| Body mass index* |
23.8 (23.2, 24.3) |
25.3 (24.3, 26.3) |
31.0 (30.3, 31.7) |
31.8 (30.9, 32.7) |
< 0.001a, b, c, d, e |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L)* |
5.11 ± 1.03 |
5.71 ± 1.13 |
4.99 ± 0.93 |
5.62 ± 0.87 |
< 0.001a, c, d, f |
| HDL-C (mmol/L)* |
1.58 ± 0.36 |
1.32 ± 0.36 |
1.40 ± 0.30 |
1.23 ± 0.27 |
< 0.001a, b, c, f |
| Glucose (mmol/L)* |
4.90 (4.70, 5.30) |
5.10 (4.80, 5.40) |
5.20 (4.90, 5.50) |
5.30 (4.90, 5.60) |
< 0.001b, c |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)* |
111 (104, 122) |
114 (107, 125) |
119 (109, 131) |
120 (113, 127) |
< 0.001b, c |
| Intima-media thickness (mm)*† |
0.63 (0.62, 0.64) |
0.66 (0.64, 0.69) |
0.65 (0.64, 0.67) |
0.65 (0.64, 0.67) |
< 0.001a, b, c |
| Total area (mm2)*† |
15.60 (14.76, 16.46) |
16.76 (15.27, 18.41) |
16.53 (15.49, 17.65) |
17.46 (16.05, 18.99) |
< 0.001c |
| Presence of plaque | 75 (44.6%) | 24 (42.1%) | 52 (44.4%) | 37 (52.9%) | 0.595 |
*Age adjusted, presented as mean (95%CI), †geometric means; age presented as mean ± SD; Differences in continuous variables across categories of HTGW components variable explored by general linear modelling. Categorical variables presented as n (%). Associations between categorical variables and HTGW components variable explored by Chi-square test.
Pairwise comparisons: ap < 0.05, Normal WC/Normal TG vs. Elevated TG/Normal WC; bp < 0.05, Normal WC/Normal TG vs. Elevated WC/Normal TG; cp < 0.05, Normal WC/Normal TG vs. HTGW; dp < 0.05, Elevated TG/Normal WC vs. Elevated WC/Normal TG; ep < 0.05, Elevated TG/Normal WC vs. HTGW; fp < 0.05, Elevated WC/Normal TG vs. HTGW.
**Elevated waist circumference (WC) was ≥ 85 cm. Elevated triglyceride (TG) levels were ≥ 1.5 mmol/L. Six female participants are missing data for one or both hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) components.