Metabolite levels in miR-mdh-1 and wild-type plants at day and night. Gray bars, miR-mdh-1; white bars, wild type. C to F, Red blocks indicate the oxidized form of the respective compound (NAD+ for NAD, NADP+ for NADP, dehydroascorbate for ascorbate, and oxidized glutathione for glutathione), whereas gray and white bars represent the reduced forms (NADH for NAD, NADPH for NADP, ascorbate for ascorbate, and reduced glutathione for glutathione). Plants were grown under standard conditions for 4 (wild type) and 8 (miR-mdh-1) weeks. Harvest for starch measurements (A) was at the end of day and night for wild type and miR-mdh-1 (n = 10 plants each). For determination of malate (B) and all other metabolites, plants were harvested after 6 h of light and dark (n = 5 plants each). Values represent mean ± se. Differences between the genotypes were analyzed by Student’s t test. Significant differences are indicated by black asterisks (starch, malate, and reduced forms in C to F) and red asterisks (oxidized forms in C to F)(*P < 0.005; **P < 0.001).