Figure 4.

Vesicle transport mutants ech and gnl1-1 are defective in wax secretion. The amount of secreted wax extracted by a short chloroform dip is expressed as a percentage of the total amount of wax extracted from homogenized stems; that is, secreted waxes are represented as a proportion of the total waxes synthesized. Significantly less wax was secreted in gnl1-1 and ech. Values are means of three experiments of three biological replicates each (i.e. n = 9); error bars represent se, and asterisks indicate statistically significant differences between wild-type and mutant wax secretion (Student’s t test, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01).