Table 3. Clinical features associated with clinically significant symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with systemic sclerosis*.
| Patients with anxiety symptoms | Patients without anxiety symptoms | p-value | Patients with depression symptoms | Patients without depression symptoms | p-value | |
| n = 224 | n = 157 | n = 154 | n = 227 | |||
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 57 (46–66) | 57 (47–65) | 0.844 | 58 (47–66) | 55 (48–65) | 0.229 |
| Age at disease onset, years, median (IQR) | 46 (39–55) | 47 (37–54) | 0.993 | 46 (39–55) | 46.5 (37–53) | 0.210 |
| Male sex | 27/224 (12.1) | 35/155 (22.6) | 0.006 | 25/154 (16.2) | 37/225 (16.4) | 0.957 |
| Patient association | 36/117 (30.8) | 26/74 (35.1) | 0.530 | 25/88 (28.4) | 37/103 (35.9) | 0.269 |
| Disease duration, years, median (IQR) | 7 (3–14) | 7 (4–13) | 0.435 | 8 (4–14) | 7 (3–13) | 0.711 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, media (IQR) | 23 (20–27) | 23 (20–26) | 0.528 | 23 (20–26) | 23 (21–26) | 0.728 |
| Diffuse cutaneous SSc | 81/218 (37.2) | 68/151 (45.0) | 0.129 | 64/148 (43.2) | 85/221 (38.5) | 0.359 |
| Limited cutaneous SSc | 116/218 (53.2) | 70/150 (4.7) | 0.217 | 76/148 (51.4) | 110/220 (50.0) | 0.799 |
| Limited SSc | 21/218 (9.6) | 13/151 (8.6) | 0.738 | 8/148 (5.4) | 26/221 (11.8) | 0.038 |
| KPS (0–100), median (IQR) | 80 (70–80) | 80 (70–90) | 0.071 | 80 (70–80) | 80 (70–90) | <0.001* |
| Inter-incisor distance, mm, median (IQR) | 38 (30–42) | 35 (30–40) | 0.093 | 39 (30–42) | 35 (28–40) | 0.005 |
| Skin involvement | 199/219 (90.9) | 138/151 (91.4) | 0.862 | 143/151 (94.7) | 194/219 (88.6) | 0.042 |
| Telangiectasia | 149/207 (72.0) | 102/140 (72.9) | 0.858 | 101/141 (71.6) | 150/206 (72.8) | 0.809 |
| Raynaud’s phenomenon | 219/223 (98.2) | 148/154 (96.1) | 0.212 | 150/153 (980.) | 217/224 (96.9) | 0.490 |
| Pitting scars | 130/224 (58.0) | 90/152 (59.2) | 0.821 | 95/153 (62.1) | 125/223 (56.1) | 0.243 |
| Digital ulcers | 103/223 (46.2) | 67/152 (44.1) | 0.687 | 78/152 (51.3) | 92/223 (41.3) | 0.055 |
| Calcinosis | 61/185 (33.0) | 42/127 (33.1) | 0.986 | 43/122 (35.2) | 60/190 (31.6) | 0.502 |
| Gastrointestinal tract involvement | 184/223 (82.5) | 119/152 (78.3) | 0.308 | 130/153 (85.0) | 173/222 (77.9) | 0.089 |
| Arthralgia | 156/224 (69.6) | 96/151 (45.7) | 0.220 | 116/153 (75.8) | 136/222 (61.3) | 0.003 |
| Myalgia | 135/223 (60.5) | 73/152 (48.0) | 0.017 | 95/153 (62.1) | 113/222 (51.0) | 0.032 |
| Dyspnea, NYHA classification, median (IQR) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) | 0.696 | 2 (1–3) | 2 (2–3) | 0.003 |
| Interstitial lung disease | 90/220 (41.0) | 73/153 (47.7) | 0.193 | 66/150 (44.0) | 97/223 (43.5) | 0.924 |
| Echocardiography systolic PAP>35 mmHg | 31/223 (13.9) | 17/152 (11.2) | 0.439 | 26/152 (17.1) | 22/223 (9.9) | 0.039 |
| Scleroderma renal crisis | 27/223 (12.1) | 7/152 (4.6) | 0.013 | 18/153 (11.8) | 16/222 (7.2) | 0.131 |
Values are number/number of patients for whom the data is available (%), otherwise indicated.
*After Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, a p-value less than 0.001 was considered statistically significant.
IQR: interquartile range; KPS: Karnofsky Performance Status; n: number; NYHA: New York Heart Association; PAP: pulmonary artery pressure; SSc: systemic sclerosis.