Table 2.
Studies investigating NTS in food animals, meat and processed meat products of Vietnam.
| Citation | Study date | Study location | Sampling site, species, sample type | Sample size | NTS prevalence; additional observations | NTS serovars |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tran et al. (2004) | 2000 | Mekong Delta (6 provinces) | Animals in farms: pigs (faeces), chickens and ducks (caecal samples) | 439 pigs, 302 chickens, 357 ducks | Prevalence in pig, chicken and duck samples was 5.2, 7.9, and 8.7%, respectively. Higher prevalence on small-scale farms than industrial farms | Most common serovars: S. Javiana and S. Derby (pigs); S. Emek and S. Javiana (chickens); S. typhimurium and S. Weltvreden (ducks) |
| Vo et al. (2006) | 2004 | South Vietnam (13 provinces) | Pigs, cattle, chickens, ducks (carcasses, faeces, meat) at farms and abattoirs; Human (faeces) | Pigs (534), Cattle (390), Chickens (257), Ducks (34) | Prevalence in pigs, cattle, chicken and duck samples: 49.4, 27.4, 38.5, 20.5%, respectively. | Most common serovars: S. typhimurium and S. Anatum (pigs); S. Emek and S. Blockley (poultry); S. Anatum, S. Weltevreden, and S. Lexington (15.9%) (cattle) |
| Hong et al. (2006) | 2004 | Central Vietnam | Pigs on smallholder farms (faeces) | 100 farms; 90 piglets with diarrhoea, 63 piglets without diarrhoea | No difference in prevalence of NTS in piglets with and without diarrhoea (10 and 11% positive, respectively) | |
| Phan et al. (2005) | 2000–2001 | Mekong Delta | Fresh meat and shrimps from the market | 718 samples of meat (pork, duck, beef, chicken) and shrimps | 70% (pork); 49% (beef); 24% (shrimps); duck (22%); 21% (chicken) | Most common serovars: S. Derby, S. Weltrvreden, and S. London (pork); S. Weltevreden, S. London, S. Dessau (beef); S. Emek, S. typhimuirum, S. Dessau (chicken); S. Lexington, S. Derby, and S. Dessau (duck); S. Dessau, S. Weltvreden and S. Tennessee (shrimps) |
| Van et al. (2007) | Unknown | HCMC | Fresh meat market samples | 130 samples of meat | 64% (pork); 62% (beef); 18% (chicken). | |
| Ha and Pham (2006) | 2003–2004 | Hanoi | Meat samples from factory, schools, hospital canteens | 177 meat samples | 8.3% poultry meat; 1.2% other meat | |
| Thai et al. (2012) | 2007–2008 | Northern Vietnam | Retail supermarkets | 586 meat samples | 39.6% (pork); 42.9% (chicken) | Most common serovars: S. Emek, S. Infantis, S. Blockey, and S. Anatum (chicken); S. Anatum, S. Derby, S. typhimurium and S. Infantis (pork) |
| Le Bas et al. (2006) | Unknown | Hanoi | 15 pig slaughterpoints (faeces, carcass swabs) | 117 faeces (caeca) and 46 carcass swabs | 52% (faeces) and 96% (carcass swabs) | |
| Ellerbroek et al. (2010) | Unknown | Hanoi | 6 pig slaughterpoints (lymph nodes) | 178 lymph nodes | Prevalence from backyard small-scale farms (43%) versus intensive farms (29%) | S. Derby (50%); S. typhimurium (27%). Most S. typhimurium isolates were phage type DT22 |
| Ta et al. (2012) | Unknown | Six provinces (different regions) | Wet markets and supermarkets (chicken carcasses) | 1,000 carcasses | 46%; no significant difference between study sites, temperature at retail, or wet markets versus supermarkets |